Hostname: page-component-68945f75b7-qvshk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-08-06T05:01:03.419Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

PRODUCT REQUIREMENTS SPECIFICATION PROCESS IN PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 July 2021

Dietmar Göhlich ,
Beate Bender ,
Tu-Anh Fay  and
Kilian Gericke
Dietmar Göhlich
Affiliation:
Chair for Methods of Product Development and Mechatronics, Technische Unversität Berlin;
Beate Bender
Affiliation:
Chair of Product Development, Ruhr-University Bochum;
Tu-Anh Fay*
Affiliation:
Chair for Methods of Product Development and Mechatronics, Technische Unversität Berlin;
Kilian Gericke
Affiliation:
Chair of Product Development, University of Rostock
*
Fay, Tu-Anh, Technische Universität Berlin Product Development Methods and Mechatronics Germany, tu-anh.fay@tu-berlin.de

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Requirements engineering and requirements management are essential sub-processes of product development and are an integrated part of virtually all product development models and industrial process descriptions. Proprietary and context specific processes for working with requirements are used in industrial design practice. However, these are not appropriately reflected in existing process models for product development. Existing standards describe the content and generation of requirements documents but not their integration in the product development process.

The study is based on a retrospective analysis of a set of representative real-world product development projects from automotive industry and rail industry. Comparing the processes downstream the milestone “release of PRD”, it was found that subsequent processes to manage requirements and specifications do not differ much with regard to industrial context. Based on this, a model for the product requirements specification (PRS) process is proposed which addresses the gap.

Keywords

RequirementsDesign processProduct Requirements Specification ProcessCase study
Type
Article
Information
Proceedings of the Design Society , Volume 1: ICED21 , August 2021 , pp. 2459 - 2470
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BYCreative Common License - NCCreative Common License - ND
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is unaltered and is properly cited. The written permission of Cambridge University Press must be obtained for commercial re-use or in order to create a derivative work.
Copyright
The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press

References

Andreasen, M. M. and Hein, L. (2000), Integrated Product Development. Lyngby: Institute for Product Development, Technical University of DenmarkGoogle Scholar
Bender, B. (2020), “Requirements Engineering in the Context of IDE”, Integrated Design Engineering, Vajna, S. (eds), Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-19357-7_19CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bender, B., Derdulla, T., Genersch, J. (2007), “Talent 2 – Fit für die Zukunft“, ZEVrail Glasers Annalen 131, Vol. 9, pp. 340–351Google Scholar
Bender, B., Gericke, K. (Eds.). (2020), Pahl/Beitz Konstruktionslehre (9th ed.), Springer, Berlin. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-57303-7Google Scholar
Berkovich, M., Leimeister, J. M. et al. (2012), “A requirements data model for product service systems”, Requirements Engineering, 19 (2), pp. 161–186. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00766-012-0164-1CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Boehm, B. W. (1988), “A spiral model of software development and enhancement”, Computer, 21(5), pp. 61–72. https://doi.org/10.1109/2.59CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Coughlan, J.; Macredie, R. D. (2002), “Effective communication in requirements elicitation: a comparison of methodologies” Requirements Engineering, 7(2), pp. 47–60. https://doi.org/10.1007/2fs007660200004CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dick, J., Hull, E., Jackson, K. (2017), Requirements Engineering (4th ed.), Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61073-3CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dym, C. L. (1994), Engineering Design – A Synthesis of Views, 1994, Cambridge University PressGoogle Scholar
French, M. J. (1999), Conceptual design for engineers (3rd ed.), Springer, LondonCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eisenbart, B., Gericke, K., Blessing, L. (2011), “A framework for comparing design modelling approaches across disciplines”, in Culley, S. J., Hicks, B. J., et al. (Eds.), Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Engineering Design (ICED11), Copenhagen, Norway, August 15-18, The Design Society, Glasgow, pp. 344–355.Google Scholar
Gericke, K. and Blessing, L. (2012), “An analysis of design process models across disciplines”, in Marjanovic, D., Storga, M., et al. (Eds.), Proceedings of the 12th International Design Conference DESIGN 2012, Dubrovnik, Croatia, May 21-24, Cavtat: Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Zagreb; The Design Society, Glasgow, pp. 171–180.Google Scholar
Gericke, K., Meißner, M., Paetzold, K. (2013a), “Understanding the context of product development”, in Lindemann, U., Venkataramen, S., et al. (Eds.), Proceedings of the International Conference on Engineering Design, Seoul, Korea, August 19-22, Vol. 3 DS75–03. The Design Society, GlasgowGoogle Scholar
Gericke, K., Qureshi, A. J., Blessing, L. (2013b), “Analyzing transdisciplinary design processes in industry - An overview” Proceedings of the ASME Design Engineering Technical Conference, Portland, Oregon, USA. August 4–7. https://doi.org/10.1115/DETC2013-12154Google Scholar
Göhlich, D. (2002), “Produkt-Datenmanagement in der Mercedes-Benz Pkw-Entwicklung“, invited key note at ETH Zürich, 31 October 2002, http://webarchiv.ethz.ch/sim/htm/__Lehre__/ewf_pdf/EWF_02_03/Vorl02_Göhlich_Teil_1..pdfGoogle Scholar
Göhlich, D. (2007), “Innovationen der Fahrzeugtechnik am Beispiel der Mercedes-Benz S-Klasse“, in Schindler, V. (Eds.), Forschung für das Auto von Morgen, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-74151-0_2Google Scholar
Göhlich, D. and Fay, T.-A. (2021), “Arbeiten mit Anforderungen: Requirements Management”, Pahl/Beitz Konstruktionslehre (9th ed.) Bender, B., Gericke, K. (Eds.), Springer, Berlin, HeidelbergGoogle Scholar
Gram, C. and Cockton, G. (Eds.) (1996), Design Principles for Interactive Software, Springer, Boston. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-34912-1CrossRefGoogle Scholar
INCOSE (2015), “Managing Requirements for Design”, Infrastructure Working Group, International Council On Systems Engineering, INCOSE-PI-2015–003-1.0, Version 1.0.Google Scholar
ISO 29148 (2018), ISO/IEC/IEEE 29148 Systems and software engineering – Life cycle processes - Requirements engineeringGoogle Scholar
Jarratt, T.A.W., Eckert, C.M., et al. (2011), “Engineering change: an overview and perspective on the literature”, Research in Engineering Design, 22, pp. 103–124. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00163-010-0097-yCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Katina, P. F.; Keating, C. B. et al. (2012),” System requirements engineering in complex situations” Requirements Engineering, 19(1), pp. 45–62. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00766-012-0157-0Google Scholar
Knothe, F., Göhlich, D. et al. (2006), “Die neue CL-Klasse von Mercedes-Benz”, ATZ - Automobiltechnische Zeitschrift, 108, pp. 800–813. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03221821CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Loucopoulos, P. (2005), “Requirements engineering”, in Design Process Improvement, Clarkson, P.J., Eckert, C. (Eds.), Springer, LondonGoogle Scholar
Maher, M. L., Poon, J. (1994), “Modeling Design Exploration as Co-Evolution”, Computer-Aided Civil and Infrastructure Engineering, 11(3), 195–209. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8667.1996.tb00323.xCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meißner, M. and Blessing, L. (2006), “Defining an adaptive product development methodology”, Proceedings of the 9th International Design Conference (Design 2006), Dubrovnik, Croatia, pp. 69–78.Google Scholar
Pahl, G., Beitz, W., et al. (2007), Engineering Design - A Systematic Approach (3rd ed.), Springer, BerlinGoogle Scholar
Phillips, R., Toole, W., Royal Institute of British Architects (2008). Plan of work: Multi-disciplinary services. London: RIBA publ.Google Scholar
Pugh, S. (1991), Total design: Integrated methods for successful product engineering, Prentice HallGoogle Scholar
Shefelbine, S., Clarkson, J., et al. (2002), “Good Design Practice for Medical Devices and Equipment – Requirements Capture”, University of Cambridge Engineering Design Centre, Cambridge, ISBN 1-902546-10-5Google Scholar
Tjalve, E. (1979), A Short Course in industrial design, Newnes-Butterworth, LondonGoogle Scholar
Tomforde, J., Göhlich, D. (1995), “Konzeptwettbewerb und Entwicklungspartnerschaft am Beispiel Motorlagerung eines Kleinfahrzeuges“, Tagung im Haus der Technik: Elastische Lagerungen im Automobilbau, Essen 1995Google Scholar
VDA (2007), Automotive VDA-Standardvorlage Komponentenlastenheft (1st ed.), Henrich Druck + Medien GmbH & Co. KG, Frankfurt am MainGoogle Scholar
VDB (2020),”VDB-LEITFADEN Datenaustausch beim Anforderungsmanagement in der bahntechnischen Wertschöpfung“, Verband der Bahnindustrie in Deutschland, Berlin, https://bahnindustrie.info/fileadmin/Leitfaeden_DE/200108_VDB-Leitfaden_Anforderungsmanagement.pdfGoogle Scholar
VDI 2206 (2004 ), VDI 2206 - Design methodology for mechatronic systems. Beuth, BerlinGoogle Scholar
VDI 2221 (1993), Methodik zum Entwickeln und Konstruieren technischer Systeme und Produkte, Beuth, BerlinGoogle Scholar
VDI 2221-1 (2019), VDI 2221 Blatt 1: 2019-11 Entwicklung technischer Produkte - Modell der Produktentwicklung, Beuth, BerlinGoogle Scholar
VDI 2221-2 (2019), VDI 2221 Blatt 2: 2019-11 Entwicklung technischer Produkte und Systeme - Gestaltung individueller Produktentwicklungsprozesse, Beuth, BerlinGoogle Scholar
VDI 2519-1 (2001), VDI 2519 Blatt 1 Vorgehensweise bei der Erstellung von Lasten-/Pflichtenheften, Beuth, BerlinGoogle Scholar
VDI 3694 (2014), VDI 3694 Lastenheft/Pflichtenheft für den Einsatz von Automatisierungssystemen, Beuth, BerlinGoogle Scholar
Wynn, D. C. and Clarkson, P. J. (2018), “Process models in design and development”, Research in Engineering Design, Springer, London, 29(2), pp. 161–202. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00163-017-0262-7Google Scholar