Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-r5zm4 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-17T05:08:55.619Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Design delusions and prototyping: eliciting the link between prototypes and product performance

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 May 2024

Daniel Nygård Ege ,
Mark Goudswaard ,
James Gopsill ,
Ben Hicks  and
Martin Steinert
Daniel Nygård Ege*
Affiliation:
Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway
Mark Goudswaard
Affiliation:
University of Bristol, United Kingdom
James Gopsill
Affiliation:
University of Bristol, United Kingdom
Ben Hicks
Affiliation:
University of Bristol, United Kingdom
Martin Steinert
Affiliation:
Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway
*
danieneg@stud.ntnu.no

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

This study investigates the relationship between the number and type of prototypes developed in rapid prototyping contexts, a team's performance self-estimations, and final actual performance. Findings suggest a strong correlation between each of these elements, with the converse also found to be true, motivating the introduction of the concept of Design Delusion - a type of cognitive dissonance due to differences between perceived and actual states. The paper suggests that early prototyping helps identify and mitigate design delusion, improving design decisions and preventing technical debt.

Keywords

prototypingdesign activitiescase studyself-assesment
Type
Design Information and Knowledge
Information
Proceedings of the Design Society , Volume 4: DESIGN 2024 , May 2024 , pp. 383 - 392
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BYCreative Common License - NCCreative Common License - ND
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is unaltered and is properly cited. The written permission of Cambridge University Press must be obtained for commercial re-use or in order to create a derivative work.
Copyright
The Author(s), 2024.

References

Camburn, B., Viswanathan, V., Linsey, J., Anderson, D., Jensen, D., Crawford, R., Otto, K., Wood, K., 2017. Design prototyping methods: state of the art in strategies, techniques, and guidelines. Des. Sci. 3, e13. https://doi.org/10.1017/dsj.2017.10CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cash, P.J., Hicks, B.J., Culley, S.J., 2013. A comparison of designer activity using core design situations in the laboratory and practice. Design Studies 34, 575–611. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.destud.2013.03.002CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Christie, E., Jensen, D., Buckley, R., Menefee, D., Ziegler, K., Wood, K., Crawford, R., 2012. Prototyping Strategies: Literature Review and Identification of Critical Variables, in: 2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition Proceedings. Presented at the 2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition, ASEE Conferences, San Antonio, Texas, p. 25.1091.1-25.1091.22. https://doi.org/10.18260/1-2--21848Google Scholar
Dow, S.P., Heddleston, K., Klemmer, S.R., 2009. The efficacy of prototyping under time constraints, in: Proceedings of the Seventh ACM Conference on Creativity and Cognition, C&C ’09. Association for Computing Machinery, Berkeley, California, USA, pp. 165–174. https://doi.org/10.1145/1640233.1640260CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ege, D.N., Goudswaard, M., Gopsill, J., Hicks, B., Steinert, M., (2024b). IDEA Challenge 2022 dataset, Under reviewGoogle Scholar
Ege, D.N., Goudswaard, M., Nesheim, O., Eikevåg, S.W., Bjelland, Ø., Christensen, K.A., Ballantyne, R., Su, S., Cox, C., Timperley, L., Aeddula, O., Machchhar, R.J., Ruvald, R., Li, J., Figueiredo, S., Deo, S., Horvat, N., Čeh, I., Šklebar, J., Miler, D., Gopsill, J., Hicks, B., Steinert, M., 2023. Virtually Hosted Hackathons For Design Research: Lessons Learned From The International Design Engineering Annual (Idea) Challenge 2022. Proc. Des. Soc. 3, 3811–3820. https://doi.org/10.1017/pds.2023.382CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ege, D., Goudswaard, M., Gopsill, J., Steinert, M. and Hicks, B. (2024a), “What, how and when should i prototype? an empirical study of design team prototyping strategies at the idea challenge hackathon”, Under review.Google Scholar
Goudswaard, M., Kent, L., Giunta, L., Gopsill, J., Snider, C., Valjak, F., Christensen, K.A., Felton, H., Ege, D.N., Real, R.M., Cox, C., Horvat, N., Kohtala, S., Eikevåg, S.W., Martinec, T., Perišić, M.M., Steinert, M., Hicks, B., 2022. Virtually Hosted Hackathons for Design Research: Lessons Learned from the International Design Engineering Annual (IDEA) Challenge 2021. Proc. Des. Soc. 2, 21–30. https://doi.org/10.1017/pds.2022.3CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hamon, C., Green, M., Dunlap, B., Camburn, B., Crawford, R., Jensen, D., 2014. Virtual or Physical Prototypes? Development and Testing of a Prototyping Planning Tool, in: 2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition Proceedings. Presented at the 2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition, ASEE Conferences, Indianapolis, Indiana, p. 24.1361.1-24.1361.16. https://doi.org/10.18260/1-2--23294Google Scholar
Houde, S., Hill, C., 1997. What do Prototypes Prototype?, in: Helander, M.G., Landauer, T.K., Prabhu, P.V. (Eds.), Handbook of Human-Computer Interaction (Second Edition). North-Holland, Amsterdam, pp. 367–381. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-044481862-1.50082-0CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hsu, W., Liu, B., 2000. Conceptual design: issues and challenges. Computer-Aided Design 32, 849–850. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0010-4485(00)00074-9CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jensen, L.S., Özkil, A.G., Mortensen, N.H., 2016. Prototypes In Engineering Design: Definitions and Strategies. DS 84: Proceedings of the DESIGN 2016 14th International Design Conference, DESIGN 821–830.Google Scholar
Kent, L., Snider, C., Gopsill, J., Hicks, B., 2021. Mixed reality in design prototyping: A systematic review. Design Studies 77, 101046. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.destud.2021.101046CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kriesi, C., Blindheim, J., Bjelland, Ø., Steinert, M., 2016. Creating Dynamic Requirements through Iteratively Prototyping Critical Functionalities. Procedia CIRP, 26th CIRP Design Conference 50, 790–795. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2016.04.122CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lande, M., Leifer, L., 2009. Prototyping to learn: Characterizing engineering student's prototyping activities and prototypes. DS 58-1: Proceedings of ICED 09, the 17th International Conference on Engineering Design 1.Google Scholar
Lauff, C., Kotys-Schwartz, D., Rentschler, M., 2018. What is a Prototype? What are the Roles of Prototypes in Companies? Journal of Mechanical Design 140. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4039340CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Leifer, L.J., Steinert, M., 2011. Dancing with ambiguity: Causality behavior, design thinking, and triple-loop-learning. Information Knowledge Systems Management 10, 151–173. https://doi.org/10.3233/IKS-2012-0191CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lim, Y.-K., Stolterman, E., Tenenberg, J., 2008. The anatomy of prototypes: Prototypes as filters, prototypes as manifestations of design ideas. ACM Trans. Comput.-Hum. Interact. 15, 7:1-7:27. https://doi.org/10.1145/1375761.1375762CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McKinney, W., 2010. Data Structures for Statistical Computing in Python. Presented at the Python in Science Conference, Austin, Texas, pp. 56–61. https://doi.org/10.25080/Majora-92bf1922-00aCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Menold, J., Jablokow, K., Simpson, T., 2017. Prototype for X (PFX): A holistic framework for structuring prototyping methods to support engineering design. Design Studies 50, 70–112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.destud.2017.03.001CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Neeley, W.L., Lim, K., Zhu, A., Yang, M.C., 2013. Building Fast to Think Faster: Exploiting Rapid Prototyping to Accelerate Ideation During Early Stage Design, in: Volume 5: 25th International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology; ASME 2013 Power Transmission and Gearing Conference. Presented at the ASME 2013 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Portland, Oregon, USA, p. V005T06A022. https://doi.org/10.1115/DETC2013-12635Google Scholar
Otto, K., Wood, K., 2001. Product Design : Techiniques in Reverse Engineering and New Product Development / K.N. Otto, K.L. Wood ; pról. de Maurice F. Holmes.Google Scholar
Viswanathan, V., Linsey, J., 2010. Work in progress — Understanding design fixation: A sunk cost perspective on innovation. https://doi.org/10.1109/FIE.2010.5673620CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wall, M.B., Ulrich, K.T., Flowers, W.C., 1992. Evaluating prototyping technologies for product design. Research in Engineering Design 3, 163–177. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01580518CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wynn, D.C., Eckert, C.M., 2017. Perspectives on iteration in design and development. Res Eng Design 28, 153–184. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00163-016-0226-3CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yassine, A., Braha, D., 2003. Complex Concurrent Engineering and the Design Structure Matrix Method. Concurrent Engineering 11, 165–176. https://doi.org/10.1177/106329303034503CrossRefGoogle Scholar