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Remarks by Stefan A. Riesenfeld

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 February 2017

Stefan A. Riesenfeld
Stefan A. Riesenfeld*
Affiliation:
University of California School of Law, Berkeley
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Abstract

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Type
The Emerging European Constitution
Information
Proceedings of the ASIL Annual Meeting , Volume 72 , 1978 , pp. 183 - 189
Copyright
Copyright © American Society of International Law 1978

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References

1 According to the figures reported in IMF, DIRECTIONS o r TRADE, 1970-1976, (197-), the total world exports in 1976 amounted to $727,238 billion, while the total imports were valued at $762,346 billion, exclusive of the inter-Community trade. The share of the E.E.C. in the exports was $162,283 billion (22.3 percent), while that of the United States was $117,362 billion (16.1 percent). The share of the E.E.C. in the imports was $161,049 billion and that of the United States $;124,078 billion.

2 ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION, art. VI, ¶ 2; art. IX¶¶, 6.

3 U.S. CONST., art. II, §2, cl. 2.

4 Id. art. VI, cl. 2.

5 Discussed in 2 J. STORY, COMMENTARIES ON THE CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES § 1841 (M. Bigelow ed., 5th ed. 1891).

6 United States v. Schooner Peggy, 5 U.S. (1 Cranch) 103 (1801); Reid v. Covert, 354 U.S. 1, 18 (1957).

7 Case 22/70, E.E.C. Commission v. E.E.C. Council, [1971] E.C.R. 263, [1971] Coram. Mkt. L.R. 335.

8 For the text, see E/ECE/811. The agreement went into force on January 5, 1976. It is applicable in 16 European nations, including all Community members except Ireland. The Council did not conclude it formally.

9 E.E.C. Commission v. E.E.C. Council, Case 22/70, [1971] E.C.R. 263, [1971] Comm. Mkt. L.R. 354-55.

10 Decision of Nov. 27, 1967, 11 J.O. No. L 305, 1 (1968).

11 252 U.S. 416 (1920).

12 Re OECD Understanding on a Local Cost Standard, Advisory Opinion 1/75, [1975] E.C.R. 1355, [1976] Comm. Mkt. L.R. 85.

13 E.C. COMMISSION, TENTH GENERAL REPORT 250 (1976); E.C. Bull. No. 8/7-1976, point 2313.

14 E.C. BULL. NO. 3-1977, point 2.2.22. 1517 O.J. No. L 208, 23 (1974).

16 Cases 3/76, 4/76, 6/76, [1976] E.C.R. 1279.

17 E.C. BULL: NO. 1-1978, point 2.1.53.

18 Id., points 2.1.54-2.1.56.

19 E.E.C. Commission v. Ireland, Case 61/77, judgment Feb. 16, 1978, not yet printed; Minister of Fisheries v. Schonenberg, Case 88/77, judgment Feb. 16, 1978, not yet printed.

20 Agreement Between the European Economic Community and the United States Concerning Fisheries Off the Coasts of the United States, Feb. 15, 1977, 20 O.J. No. L 141, 1, No. L 147, 35 (1977); 16 ILM 257 (1977).

21 Re Draft Agreement Establishing A European Laying-Up Fund for Inland Waterway Vessels, Advisory Opinion 1/76, [1977] E.C.R. 741, 754-55; [1977] 2 Comm. Mkt. L.R. 279, 295.

22 Cases 21-24/72, [1972] E.C.R. 1219, Comm. Mkt. Rep. (CCH) 18194, discussed in Riesenfeld, The Doctrine of Self-Executing Treaties and Community Law: A Pioneering Decision of the Court of Justice of the European Community, 67 AJIL 504 (1973).

23 Case 9/73, [1973] E.C.R. 1135.

24 Case 38/75, [1975] E.C.R. 1439, [1976] 1 Coram. Mkt. L.R. 167.

25 Case 181/73, [1972] E.C.R. 449.

26 E.C. COMMISSION, NINTH GENERAL REPORT, points 510, 511 (1975).