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Evaluation of the Prevalence of Malaria and Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in the Pre- and Post-Disaster Years in Iran

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 July 2022

Mohsen Najjari ,
Shahab Rezaeian ,
Hojjat Sheikhbardsiri Open the ORCID record for Hojjat Sheikhbardsiri [Opens in a new window] ,
Ali Afgar  and
Mohammad Ebrahimipour Open the ORCID record for Mohammad Ebrahimipour [Opens in a new window]
Mohsen Najjari
Affiliation:
Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Shahab Rezaeian
Affiliation:
Infectious Diseases Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
Hojjat Sheikhbardsiri
Affiliation:
Health in Disasters and Emergencies Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
Ali Afgar
Affiliation:
Research Center for Hydatid Disease in Iran, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran Research Center of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
Mohammad Ebrahimipour*
Affiliation:
Research Center for Hydatid Disease in Iran, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
*
Correspondence: Mohammad Ebrahimipour, PhD Research Center for Hydatid Disease in Iran School of Medicine Kerman University of Medical SciencesKerman, Iran Kerman University of Medical Sciences Medical University Campus, Haft-Bagh Highway, Kerman, Iran E-mails: md.ebrahimi31@gmail.com; m.ebrahimipour@kmu.ac.ir
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Abstract

Background/Objective:

Natural disasters (NDs) are calamitous phenomena that can increase the risk of infections in disaster-affected regions. This study aimed to evaluate the frequency of malaria and cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) before and after earthquakes, floods, and droughts during the past four decades in Iran.

Methods:

Malaria and CL data were obtained from the reports of the Ministry of Health and Medical Education in Iran for the years 1983 through 2017. The data of NDs were extracted from the Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters (CRED). Interrupted time series analysis with linear regression modeling was used to estimate time trends of mentioned diseases in pre- and post-disaster conditions.

Results:

For the periods preceding the disasters drought and flood, a decreasing time trend for malaria and CL was found over time. The time trend of malaria rate preceding the 1990 earthquake was stable, a downward trend was found after 1990 disaster until 1997 (β coefficient: −10.7; P = .001), and this declining trend was continued after 1997 disaster (β coefficient: −2.7; P = .001). The time trend of CL rate preceding the 1990 earthquake had a declining trend, an upward trend was found after 1990 earthquake until 1999 (β coefficient: +8.7; P = .293), and a slight upward trend had also appeared after 1999 earthquake (β coefficient: +0.75; P = .839).

Conclusion:

The results of the current study indicated the occurrence of earthquakes, floods, and droughts has no significant effect on the frequency of malaria and CL in Iran.

Keywords

frequencyIranleishmaniasismalarianatural disasterprevalence
Type
Original Research
Information
Prehospital and Disaster Medicine , Volume 37 , Issue 4 , August 2022 , pp. 444 - 450
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the World Association for Disaster and Emergency Medicine

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