Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-xm8r8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-24T23:27:56.688Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Icebreakers, their construction and use

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 October 2009

J. P. Morley
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

Icebreakers are best defined by their primary uses: to break sea ice, to manœuvre in heavy concentrations of pack ice, and to clear channels through which other ships can pass in safety. Ice-strengthened ships, in contrast, are normally cargo transport ships strengthened for use in ice. Heavily reinforced hulls, a sloping forefoot and a ratio of horse-power to displacement of more than unity are characteristics common to both types; the icebreaker being usually distinguished by more powerful engines, higher ratio of beam to length, smaller cargo capacity and such distinctive features as heeling tanks. Icebreakers designed for use in regions other than the Arctic or Antarctic, e.g. in the Baltic or Gulf of St Lawrence, may possess one or two forward propellers, which are not found in polar icebreakers.

Type
Articles
Information
Polar Record , Volume 11 , Issue 70 , January 1962 , pp. 6 - 12
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1962

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1 Classification of ships for use in ice. Polar Record, Vol. 8, No. 52, 1956, p. 45–46.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
2 Forward propellers in icebreakers. Polar Record, Vol. 7, No. 49, 1955, p. 321.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
3Ramsay, Henrik, I kamp med Östersjöns isar. En bok om Finlands vintersjofart. Helsingfors, Holger Schildts Förlag, 1947, p. 53–55.Google Scholar
4Ramsay, Henrik, I kamp med Östersjöns isar. En bok om Finlands vintersjofart. Helsingfors, Holger Schildts Förlag, 1947, p. 404.Google Scholar
5Armstrong, Terence. The Northern Sea Route. Cambridge, Scott Polar Research Institute, 1952, p. 70.Google Scholar
6Jansson, Jan-Erik. Icebreakers and their design. European Shipbuilding, Vol. 5, Nos. 5 and 6, 1956, p. 114.Google Scholar
7Armstrong, Terence. The Northern Sea Route. Cambridge, Scott Polar Research Institute, 1952, p. 70–71.Google Scholar
8 The icebreaker Yermak. Polar Record, Vol. 6, No. 42, 1951, p. 272–74.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
9Recent icebreaker construction. Polar Record, Vol. 8, No. 52, 1956, p. 47.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
10 Construction of icebreakers in Finland. Polar Record, Vol. 8, No. 55, 1957, p. 366.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
11Icebreaker construction in Finland. Polar Record, Vol. 9, No. 62, 1959, p. 469.Google Scholar
12Capurro, Luis R. A.Argentine oceanographic vessel A.R.A. General San Martin. International Hydrographie Review, Vol. 33, No. 1, 1956, p. 203–05.Google Scholar
13 The Royal Canadian Navy Arctic patrol vessel Labrador. Polar Record, Vol. 7, No. 50, 1955, p. 413–14.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
14Canadian Government Icebreakers. Polar Record, Vol. 10, No. 69, 1961, p. 628.Google Scholar
15 Soviet icebreaker Moskva. Polar Record, Vol. 10, No. 67, 1961, p. 410–11.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
16 Soviet atomic icebreaker Lenin. Polar Record, Vol. 9, No. 59, 1958, p. 154.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
17Alexandrov, A. P., and others. The atomic icebreaker Lenin. Second International Conference Proceedings, united Nations (New York), Vol. 8—Nuclear Power Plants, Part 1, 1958, p. 204–19.Google Scholar
18 The United States Navy icebreaker Glacier. Polar Record, Vol. 8, No. 53, 1956, p. 181.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
19Matthews, F. W.Stability and control of H.M.C.S. Labrador. New York, Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers, 1959.Google Scholar
20Enkvist, E.The launching of a big icebreaker. European Shipbuilding, Vol. 9, No. 2, 1960, p. 28–46.Google Scholar
21Lloyds Register of Shipping, Notice No. 2110. London, 1958. (Chapter D, Section 10, Strengthening for navigation in ice.)Google Scholar
22Sarkka, V.Finnish regulations concerning the allocation of vessels to .the various ice due classes. European Shipbuilding, Vol. 7, No. 5, 1958, p. 118–25; Vol. 8, No. 1, 1959, p. 22–23.Google Scholar
23McDonald, Edwin A.Task Force 43 icebreaker assistance missions. Bulletin U.S. Antarctic Projects Officer, Vol. 1, No. 8, 1960, p. 7–8.Google Scholar
2422,000 s.h.p. Polar Type Icebreakers Moskva and Leningrad. Wärtsilä-koncernen A/B, Sandvikens Skeppsdocka, Helsinki, 1960.Google Scholar