Hostname: page-component-7479d7b7d-q6k6v Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-12T00:21:58.006Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Milton's Ganymede: Negotiations of Homoerotic Tradition in Paradise Regained

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 October 2020

Abstract

The presentation of the banquet temptation in Paradise Regained unfolds a complex system of allusions that allows us, first, to ascertain the place of male sexual difference in Milton's canon and, second, to reassess how we interpret Milton's genders and their relation to the sexual epistemology of the later Renaissance. The sylvan setting invokes a tradition of increasing specification of homoeroticism in Renaissance receptions of classical pastoral, and the presence of Ganymede and Hylas recalls vernacular idioms of sodomy and sexual transgression. These associations place male sexual difference within the Miltonic canon in a way that has seldom been recognized, but a further survey of exegetical manipulations of homoeroticism demonstrates that Milton's use of this motif serves the larger project of rewriting “common glosses.”

Type
Research Article
Information
PMLA , Volume 106 , Issue 2 , March 1991 , pp. 262 - 276
Copyright
Copyright © Modern Language Association of America, 1991

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Works Cited

Annotations upon All the Books of the Old and New Testament. London, 1645.Google Scholar
Bal, Mieke Death and Dissymmetry. Chicago: U of Chicago P, 1987.Google Scholar
Barnfield, Richard Cynthia, with Certain Sonnets, and the Legend of Cassandra. London, 1595.Google Scholar
Becke, Edmund The Holy Bible, with Notes and Commentaries by Edmund Becke. London, 1549.Google Scholar
Blount, Thomas Glossographia: Or, A Dictionary Interpreting the Hard Words of Whatsoever Language, Now Used in Our Refined English Tongue. London, 1670.Google Scholar
Brathwait, Richard A Strappado for the Divell: Epigrams and Satyres Alluding to the Time, with Divers Measures of No Lesse Delight. London, 1615.Google Scholar
Brathwait, Richard Times Curtaine Drawne: Or, The Anatomie of Vanitie. London, 1621.Google Scholar
Bray, Alan Homosexuality in Renaissance England. London: Gay Men's, 1982.Google Scholar
Breasted, BarbaraComus and the Castlehaven Scandal.” Milton Studies 3 (1971): 201–20.Google Scholar
Félix, Buffière Eros adolescent: La pédérastie dans la Grèce antique. Paris: Belles Lettres, 1980.Google Scholar
Coke, Edward An Exact Abridgement of the Two Last Volumes of Reports, Entitled the Twelfth and Thirteenth Parts. London, 1670.Google Scholar
Cooper, Thomas Bibliotheca Eliotae. Londini, 1552.Google Scholar
Cranmer, Thomas Preface. The Bishop's Bible. London, 1568.Google Scholar
Creaser, JohnMilton's Comus: The Irrelevance of the Castlehaven Scandal.” Milton Quarterly 4 (Dec. 1988): 2434.Google Scholar
Crouch, Nathaniel Female Excellency: Or, The Ladies' Glory. London, 1688.Google Scholar
Curran, StuartParadise Regained: The Implications of Epic.” Milton Studies 17 (1983): 209–20.Google Scholar
Curran, Stuart Poetic Form and British Romanticism. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1986.Google Scholar
A Declaration of the Bloudie and Unchristian Acting of William Star and John Taylor of Walton. London, 1670.Google Scholar
Donne, John Complete Poetry and Selected Prose. Ed. Hayward, John. London: Nonesuch, 1962.Google Scholar
Dover, K. J Greek Homosexuality. New York: Random, 1978.Google Scholar
Drayton, Michael The Works of Michael Drayton. Ed. Hebel, J. W. Vol. 3. Oxford: Shakespeare Head, 1961.Google Scholar
Dryden, John, trans Preface. The Works of Virgil, London, 1697. N.p.Google Scholar
Dyke, Daniel Michael and the Dragon: Or, Christ Tempted and Satan Foyled. London, 1635.Google Scholar
Fitzgeoffrey, Henry Satyres: And Satyricall Epigrams. London, 1617.Google Scholar
A Full and True Account of the Notorious Wicked Life of That Grand Impostor, John Taylor; One of the Sweet-Singers of Israel. London, 1678.Google Scholar
G., F., and E. H The Arraignment of Popery. London, 1669.Google Scholar
Goldberg, JonathanColin to Hobbinol: Spenser's Familiar Letters.” South Atlantic Quarterly 88.1 (1989): 107–10.Google Scholar
The Knowledge of the World: Or, The Art of Well-Educating Youth through the Various Conditions of Life. London, n.d.Google Scholar
Kristeva, JuliaWomen's Time.” Signs 7.1 (1981): 1335.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Le Comte, Edward Milton and Sex. New York: Columbia UP, 1978.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lesly, George Divine Dialogues. London, 1684.Google Scholar
Lewis, C. S A Preface to Paradise Lost. New York: Oxford UP, 1961.Google Scholar
Lightfoot, John The Works of the Reverend and Learned John Lightfoot D.D. London, 1822.Google Scholar
Marcus, LeahThe Earl of Bridgewater's Legal Life: Notes toward a Political Reading of Comus.” Milton Quarterly 4 (Dec. 1988): 1323.Google Scholar
Marcus, Leah The Politics of Mirth: Jonson, Herrick, Milton, Marvell and the Defense of Old Holiday Pastimes. Chicago: U of Chicago P, 1986.Google Scholar
Marlowe, Christopher Edward II. Christopher Marlowe: Complete Plays and Poems. Ed. Pendry, E. D. and Maxwell, J. C. London: Dent, 1976. 123–12.Google Scholar
Marston, John The Metamorphosis of Pigmalion's Image and Certaine Satyres. London, 1598.Google Scholar
Marston, John The Scourge of Villanie. London, 1599.Google Scholar
Marty, William Youths Instruction. London, 1612.Google Scholar
McColley, Diane Kelsey Milton's Eve. Urbana: U of Illinois P, 1983.Google Scholar
Meres, Francis Palladis Tamia: Or, Wits Treasury Being the Second Part of Wits Commonwealth. London, 1598.Google Scholar
Middleton, Richard Epigrams and Satyres. London, 1608.Google Scholar
Middleton, Thomas The Blacke Booke. London, 1604.Google Scholar
Middleton, Thomas Micro-cynicon: Sixe Snarling Satyres. London, 1599.Google Scholar
Milton, John Complete Prose Works of John Milton. Ed. Alfred, William et al. Vol 8. New Haven: Yale UP, 1982.Google Scholar
Milton, John John Milton: Complete Poems and Major Prose. Ed. Hughes, Merrit Y. Indianapolis: Bobbs, 1957.Google Scholar
Niccholes, Alexander A Discourse of Marriage and Wiving, and of the Greatest Mystery Therein Contained: How to Chuse a Good Wife from a Bad. London, 1615.Google Scholar
Nyquist, MaryThe Genesis of Gendered Subjectivity in the Divorce Tracts and in Paradise Lost.” Remembering Milton: Essays on the Texts and Traditions. Ed. Ferguson, Margaret W. and Nyquist, Mary. London: Methuen, 1987. 99127.Google Scholar
Ogilby, John, trans The Works of Publius Virgilius Maro. London, 1649.Google Scholar
Orgel, StephenCall Me Ganymede.” Riverside Berkeley Shakespeare Festival. U of California, Riverside, 20 Oct. 1989.Google Scholar
Orgel, StephenNobody's Perfect: Or, Why Did the English Renaissance Stage Take Boys for Women?South Atlantic Quarterly 88.1 (1989): 729.Google Scholar
Patterson, Annabel Pastoral and Ideology: Virgil to Valéry. Berkeley: U of California P, 1987.Google Scholar
Pequigney, Joseph Such Is My Love: A Study of Shakespeare's Sonnets. Chicago: U of Chicago P, 1985.Google Scholar
Plato The Symposium. Trans. Hamilton, Walter. Harmondsworth, Eng.: Penguin, 1951.Google Scholar
Pulton, Ferdinando A Collection of Statutes Now in Use, with a Continuation of the Statutes Made in the Reign of the Late King Charles the First of Blessed Memory … by Thomas Manby. London, 1670.Google Scholar
Quilligan, Maureen Milton's Spenser: The Politics of Reading. Ithaca: Cornell UP, 1983.Google Scholar
Raleigh, WalterAdvice to His Son.” Advice to a Son. Ed. Wright, L. B. Washington: Folger Library, 1962. 122.Google Scholar
Room for a Ballad: Or, A Ballad for Rome. London, 1674.Google Scholar
Savile, George The Lady's New-Year's-Gift: Or, Advice to a Daughter. London, 1700.Google Scholar
Shawcross, John TMilton and Diodati: An Essay in Psychodynamic Meaning.” Milton Studies 7 (1975): 127–12.Google Scholar
Spenser, Edmund Poetical Works. Ed. Smith, J. C. and Selincourt, E. de. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1912.Google Scholar
Stallybrass, Peter, and White, Allon The Politics and Poetics of Transgression. London: Methuen, 1986.Google Scholar
Theocritus Les idylles de Theocrite traduites de Grec en vers françois. Paris, 1688.Google Scholar
Theocritus The Idylliums of Theocritus with Rapin's Discourse of Pastorals Done into English. Trans. Creech, Thomas. Oxford, 1684.Google Scholar
Theocritus Theocritus: Idylls and Epigrams. Trans. Hine, Daryl. New York: Atheneum, 1982.Google Scholar
Theodidactus, Eugenius Advice to a Daughter. London, 1658.Google Scholar
To the Praises of Mrs. Cellier, the Popish Midwife. London, 1641.Google Scholar
The Tryal and Condemnation of Mervin, Lord Audley Earl of Castlehaven, at Westminster, April 5th 1631. London, 1699.Google Scholar
Turner, James Grantham One Flesh: Paradisal Marriage and Sexual Relations in the Age of Milton. Oxford: Clarendon-Oxford UP, 1987.Google Scholar
Vergil The Eclogues and Georgics of Virgil. Trans. Lewis, C. Day. New York: Doubleday, 1964.Google Scholar
Wittreich, Joseph Anthony Feminist Milton. Princeton: Princeton UP, 1987.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wright, Leonard A Display of Dutie, Dect with Sage Sayings, Pythie Sentences, and Proper Similes: Pleasant to Reade, Delightful to Heare, and Profitable to Practice. London, 1589.Google Scholar