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Characterization of chickpea cultivars and trait specific germplasm for grain protein content and amino acids composition and identification of potential donors for genetic improvement of its nutritional quality

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 May 2023

Satvir Kaur Grewal ,
Kanu Priya Sharma ,
Rachana D. Bharadwaj ,
Venkatraman Hegde Open the ORCID record for Venkatraman Hegde [Opens in a new window] ,
Sukhpreet Kaur Sidhu ,
Sarvjeet Singh ,
Pradeep Kumar Jain ,
Souliha Rasool ,
Dev Kumar Arya  and
Pawan Kumar Agrawal
...Show all authors
Satvir Kaur Grewal
Affiliation:
Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
Kanu Priya Sharma
Affiliation:
Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
Rachana D. Bharadwaj
Affiliation:
Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
Venkatraman Hegde*
Affiliation:
ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
Sukhpreet Kaur Sidhu
Affiliation:
Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
Sarvjeet Singh
Affiliation:
Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
Pradeep Kumar Jain
Affiliation:
ICAR-National Institute of Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
Souliha Rasool
Affiliation:
ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
Dev Kumar Arya
Affiliation:
ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
Pawan Kumar Agrawal
Affiliation:
Orissa University of Agriculture & Technology, Bhubaneshwar, India
Biswajit Mondal
Affiliation:
ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, India
*
Corresponding author: Venkatraman Hegde; Email: vshegdeiari@gmail.com
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Abstract

Ever increasing global population necessitates the need to increase availability of affordable foods with high nutritional quality. Chickpea being the second most important grain legume cultivated worldwide has the great potential to alleviate problems of protein malnutrition and hidden hunger. The objective of the present investigation was to characterize a diverse set of 402 germplasm comprising of more than 100 commercial cultivars widely cultivated and utilized by breeders for grain protein in two contrasting environments to explore the magnitude of natural genotypic diversity present in the cultivated chickpea and the scope for enhancing it and its quality through breeding. The cultivars containing more than 25 to 30.44% grain protein have been found in the study and large scale production of such protein rich cultivars is expected to increase availability as well as consumption of high quality chickpea necessary to overcome all forms of malnutrition. Trait specific germplasm containing grain protein up to 33.56% are also identified for their further utilization as potential donors in the chickpea improvement programme. The amino acid profiling of selected high and low protein containing genotypes showed considerably greater average amino acid score for all the essential amino acids than the WHO recommended requirement values and is comparable to those of the ‘complete protein’ sources of food suggesting that chickpea deserves to be considered as a ‘complete protein’ source.

Keywords

Amino acidschickpeagermplasmgrain proteinvariation
Type
Research Article
Information
Plant Genetic Resources , Volume 20 , Issue 6 , December 2022 , pp. 383 - 393
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of National Institute of Agricultural Botany

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