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Assessment of the genetic diversity in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) germplasm from Ghana using simple sequence repeat markers

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 April 2010

Aaron T. Asare ,
Bhavani S. Gowda ,
Isaac K. A. Galyuon ,
Lawrence L. Aboagye ,
Jemmy F. Takrama  and
Michael P. Timko
Aaron T. Asare
Affiliation:
Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
Bhavani S. Gowda
Affiliation:
Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
Isaac K. A. Galyuon
Affiliation:
Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
Lawrence L. Aboagye
Affiliation:
Plant Genetic Resources Research Institute, Bunso, Ghana
Jemmy F. Takrama
Affiliation:
Cocoa Research Institute of Ghana, PO Box 8, New Tafo-Akim, Ghana
Michael P. Timko*
Affiliation:
Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
*
*Corresponding author. E-mail: mpt9g@virginia.edu
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Abstract

Genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships among 141 cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) accessions collected throughout the nine geographical regions of Ghana were evaluated using simple sequence repeat (SSR) molecular markers. Twenty-five primer combinations pre-selected by their ability to polymerase chain reaction amplify SSRs from a set of test cowpea germplasm were evaluated. Of these, 20 primer combinations gave reproducible polymorphisms among 97.2% of the cowpea accessions tested, with the remaining accessions being found to be genetically identical. The informative primer combinations revealed a total of 74 alleles at 20 loci with an average of 3.8 alleles detected per locus. Variation in heterozygosity among cowpea SSRs ranged from 0.01 to 0.84 with an average occurrence of 0.19. The polymorphism information content varied from 0.07 to 0.66 with an average of 0.38. The Ghanaian cowpea accessions clustered into five main branches, each of which was loosely associated with the geographical regions from which samples were obtained. Accession GH2288 was found to be the most divergent cowpea accession compared with all others including the outgroup IT84S-2049, a breeding line from Nigeria. Our results provide a framework for future studies aimed at the conservation and management of cultivated cowpea germplasm in Ghana, and a good starting point for the selection of parental lines for genetic improvement programmes.

Keywords

cowpeagenetic diversitygermplasmmicrosatellitephylogenetic structuresimple sequence repeat
Type
Research Article
Information
Plant Genetic Resources , Volume 8 , Issue 2 , August 2010 , pp. 142 - 150
Copyright
Copyright © NIAB 2010

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