Hostname: page-component-5c6d5d7d68-7tdvq Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-08-16T18:12:02.607Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Evidence and Events in History

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 March 2022

Abstract

The first part of the paper distinguishes between a real past which has nothing to do with historical events and an historical past made up of hypothetical events introduced for the purpose of explaining historical evidence. Attention is next paid to those so-called ancillary historical disciplines which study historical evidence, and it is noted that the historical event is brought in to explain the particular constellation of different kinds of historical evidence which are judged to belong together. The problem of explaining events is then taken up, and an attempt is made to defend the view that such explanation must presuppose general laws. And this is followed by a discussion, partly speculative, of social-historical laws. The final section of the paper tries to argue that the subjective intentions of individuals are irrelevant to historical explanation.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Philosophy of Science Association 1962

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

[1] Banton, M., White and Coloured, the Behaviour of British People Toward Coloured Immigrants, London, 1959.Google Scholar
[2] Becker, C. L., “What are Historical Facts?” in Meyerhoff, H., ed., The Philosophy of History in Our Time (Doubleday Anchor Book), New York, 1959, pp. 120137.Google Scholar
[3] Belkin, S., Philo and the Oral Law, Cambridge, Mass., 1940.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[4] Bloch, M., The Historian's Craft, New York, 1953.Google Scholar
[5] De Grazia, S., The Political Community, Chicago, 1948.Google Scholar
[6] Donagan, A., “Explanation in History,” Mind, Vol. 66, 1957, pp. 145164.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[7] Durkheim, E., Suicide, Glencoe, Ill., 1951.Google Scholar
[8] Dray, W., Laws and Explanation in History, Oxford, 1957.Google Scholar
[9] Gardiner, P., The Nature of Historical Explanation, London, 1952.Google Scholar
[10] Gaster, T. H., Thespis: Ritual, Myth and Drama in the Ancient Near East, New York, 1950.Google Scholar
[11] Goldstein, L. J., “A Note on the Status of Historical Reconstructions,” Journal of Philosophy, Vol. 55, 1958, pp. 473479.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[12] Goldstein, L. J., “The Two Theses of Methodological Individualism,” British Journal for the Philosophy of Science, Vol. 9, 1958, pp. 111.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[13] Goodenough, W. H., “Amitalocal Residence,” American Anthropologist, Vol. 53, 1951, pp. 427429.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[14] Hempel, C. G., “The Logic of Functional Analysis,” in Gross, L., ed., Symposium on Sociological Theory, Evanston, Ill., 1959, pp. 271307.Google Scholar
[15] Johnson, A., The Historian and Historical Evidence, New York, 1926.Google Scholar
[16] Langlois, C. V., and Seignobos, C., Introduction to the Study of History, London, 1898.Google Scholar
[17] MacIver, A. M., “Historical Explanation,” in Flew, A., ed., Logic and Language (second series), Oxford, 1953, pp. 187203.Google Scholar
[18] Mandelbaum, M., The Problem of Historical Knowledge, New York, 1938.Google Scholar
[19] Mannheim, K., Man and Society in an Age of Reconstruction, New York, London, 1950.Google Scholar
[20] Mead, G. H., The Philosophy of the Present, Chicago, London, 1932.Google Scholar
[21] Murdock, G. P., Social Structure, New York, 1949.Google Scholar
[22] Nagel, E., “Determinism in History,” Philosophy and Phenomenological Research, Vol. 20, 1960, pp. 291317.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[23] Oesterley, W. O. E., The Sacred Dance, New York, 1923.Google Scholar
[24] Pfeiffer, R. H., Introduction to the Old Testament, New York, 1948.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[25] Pitt, J., “Generalizations in Historical Explanations,” Journal of Philosophy, Vol. 56, 1959, pp. 578586.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[26] Popper, K. R., The Open Society and its Enemies, Princeton, 1950.Google Scholar
[27] Popper, K. R., The Poverty of Historicism, Boston, 1957.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[28] Renier, G. J., History: Its Purpose and Method, Boston, 1950.Google Scholar
[29] Scrivin, M., “Truisms as the Grounds for Historical Explanations,” in P. Gardiner, ed., Theories of History, Glencoe, Ill., 1959, pp. 443475.Google Scholar
[30] Social Science Research Council, The Social Sciences in Historical Research (Bulletin 64), New York, 1954.Google Scholar
[31] Teggart, F. J., Rome and China, A Study of Correlations in Historical Events, Berkeley, 1939.Google Scholar
[32] Teggart, F. J., Theory and Processes of History, Berkeley, 1941, paperbound, ed., 1960.Google Scholar
[33] Torrey, C. C., Pseudo-Ezekial and the Original Prophecy, New Haven, 1930.Google Scholar
[34] Watkins, J. W. N., “Ideal Types and Historical Explanation,” British Journal for the Philosophy of Science, Vol. 3, 1952, pp. 2243.10.1093/bjps/III.9.22CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[35] Watkins, J. W. N., “Third Reply to Mr Goldstein,” British Journal for the Philosophy of Science, Vol. 10, 1959, pp. 242244.CrossRefGoogle Scholar