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Spirocerca vulpis sp. nov. (Spiruridae: Spirocercidae): description of a new nematode species of the red fox, Vulpes vulpes (Carnivora: Canidae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 May 2018

Alicia Rojas ,
Gloria Sanchis-Monsonís ,
Amer Alić ,
Adnan Hodžić ,
Domenico Otranto ,
Daniel Yasur-Landau ,
Carlos Martínez-Carrasco  and
Gad Baneth Open the ORCID record for Gad Baneth [Opens in a new window]
Alicia Rojas
Affiliation:
Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
Gloria Sanchis-Monsonís
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Health, Regional Campus of International Excellence ‘Campus Mare Nostrum’, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
Amer Alić
Affiliation:
Department of Pathology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Adnan Hodžić
Affiliation:
Department of Pathobiology, Institute of Parasitology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
Domenico Otranto
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, Valenzano, Italy
Daniel Yasur-Landau
Affiliation:
Division of Parasitology, Kimron Veterinary Institute, Bet Dagan, Israel
Carlos Martínez-Carrasco
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Health, Regional Campus of International Excellence ‘Campus Mare Nostrum’, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
Gad Baneth*
Affiliation:
Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
*
Author for correspondence: Gad Baneth, E-mail: gad.baneth@mail.huji.ac.il
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Abstract

Previous studies have reported nematodes of the Spirocercidae family in the stomach nodules of red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) described as Spirocerca sp. or Spirocerca lupi (Rudolphi, 1819). We characterized spirurid worms collected from red foxes and compared them to S. lupi from domestic dogs by morphometric and phylogenetic analyses. Nematodes from red foxes differed from S. lupi by the presence of six triangular teeth-like buccal capsule structures, which are absent in the latter. Additionally, in female worms from red foxes, the distance of the vulva opening to the anterior end and the ratio of the glandular-to-muscular oesophagus lengths were larger than those of S. lupi (P < 0.006). In males, the lengths of the whole oesophagus and glandular part, the ratio of the glandular-to-muscular oesophagus and the comparison of the oesophagus to the total body length were smaller in S. lupi (all P < 0.044). Phylogenetic analyses revealed that S. lupi and the red foxes spirurid represent monophyletic sister groups with pairwise nucleotide distances of 9.2 and 0.2% in the cytochrome oxidase 1 and 18S genes, respectively. Based on these comparisons, the nematodes from red foxes were considered to belong to a separate species, for which the name Spirocerca vulpis sp. nov. is proposed.

Keywords

Cytochrome oxidase subunit 1red foxSpirocerca lupiSpirocerca vulpisspirocercosis18S rRNA
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 145 , Issue 14 , December 2018 , pp. 1917 - 1928
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Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2018 

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