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Epidemiological, clinical and laboratory aspects of human visceral leishmaniasis (HVL) associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) coinfection: a systematic review

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 May 2018

Iolanda Graepp Fontoura Open the ORCID record for Iolanda Graepp Fontoura [Opens in a new window] ,
David Soeiro Barbosa Open the ORCID record for David Soeiro Barbosa [Opens in a new window] ,
Antonio Marcus de Andrade Paes ,
Floriacy Stabnow Santos ,
Marcelino Santos Neto ,
Volmar Morais Fontoura ,
Jackson Mauricio Lopes Costa  and
Ana Lúcia Abreu Silva
Iolanda Graepp Fontoura*
Affiliation:
Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, Avenue of the Portuguese 1966, Bacanga, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil Department of Nursing, Federal University of Maranhão, Urbano Santos S/N, Center, Imperatriz, Maranhão, Brazil
David Soeiro Barbosa
Affiliation:
Department of Pathology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Avenue Presidente Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Antonio Marcus de Andrade Paes
Affiliation:
Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, Avenue of the Portuguese 1966, Bacanga, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil Laboratory of Experimental Physiology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, Avenue of the Portuguese 1966, village Bacanga, Brazil
Floriacy Stabnow Santos
Affiliation:
Department of Nursing, Federal University of Maranhão, Urbano Santos S/N, Center, Imperatriz, Maranhão, Brazil
Marcelino Santos Neto
Affiliation:
Department of Nursing, Federal University of Maranhão, Urbano Santos S/N, Center, Imperatriz, Maranhão, Brazil
Volmar Morais Fontoura
Affiliation:
Department of Nursing, State University of Tocantins, Pedro Ludovico 535 Augustinópolis, Tocantins, Brazil
Jackson Mauricio Lopes Costa
Affiliation:
Gonçalo Moniz Research Center, Oswaldo Cruz Fundation (FIOCRUZ), Waldemar Falcão 121, Candeal, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
Ana Lúcia Abreu Silva
Affiliation:
Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, Avenue of the Portuguese 1966, Bacanga, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil Department of Parasitology, State University of Maranhão, Cross Paulo VI Cidade Universitária, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
*
Author for correspondence: Iolanda Graepp Fontoura, E-mail: iolandagraepp@hotmail.com
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Abstract

Coinfection with human visceral leishmaniasis (HVL) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has become an emerging public health problem in several parts of the world, with high morbidity and mortality rates. A systematic review was carried out in the literature available in PubMed, Scielo and Lilacs related to HVL associated with HIV coinfection, seeking to analyze epidemiological, clinical and laboratory aspects. Of the 265 articles found, 15 articles were included in the qualitative analysis, which referred to the results of HVL treatment in patients coinfected with HIV. In the published articles between 2007 and 2015, 1171 cases of HVL/HIV coinfection were identified, 86% males, average age 34 years, liposomal amphotericin B was the most commonly used drug, cure rates 68 and 20% relapses and 19% deaths, five different countries, bone marrow was used in 10/15 manuscripts. HVL/HIV coinfection is a major challenge for public health, mainly due to the difficulty in establishing an accurate diagnosis, low response to treatment with high relapse rates and evolution to death. In addition, these two pathogens act concomitantly for the depletion of the immune system, contributing to worsening the clinical picture of these diseases, which requires effective surveillance and epidemiological control measures.

Keywords

ControldiagnosisepidemiologyHIV coinfectionhuman visceral leishmaniasismortalitysigns and symptomstreatment
Type
Review Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 145 , Issue 14 , December 2018 , pp. 1801 - 1818
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Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2018 

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