No CrossRef data available.
Article contents
COMMEMORATING THE SACK OF ROME (1527): ANTIQUITY AND AUTHORITY IN RENAISSANCE POETIC CALENDARS
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 27 May 2020
Abstract
This paper aims to advance scholarly understanding of the intellectual significance of Ovid's Fasti during the European Renaissance by examining a number of early modern poetic calendars modelled on the Ovidian poem. Recent studies of Ovid's Fasti have noted that the poem's propensity to contest the meaning of a particular occasion facilitates a sustained examination of the relationship between the past and present of Rome, through which the poet disrupts the reorganization of the Roman calendar by Augustus. This paper suggests that a similarly politically charged operation underpins a number of Renaissance fasti poems. Using these poems’ remembrance of the Sack of Rome (1527) as a case study, this article argues, firstly, that the genre's commemorative function is mobilized competitively by its early modern authors to reflect on the history and status of Rome, particularly the city's role as the caput mundi since antiquity. Secondly, it will be shown that in the second half of the sixteenth century the genre of calendrical poetry — and Ovid's Fasti in particular — became an important medium through which Renaissance humanists critiqued the nature of power at a time when political and ecclesiastical schisms hardened across Europe.
L'articolo mira a fornire un contributo alla comprensione del significato intellettuale dei Fasti di Ovidio durante il Rinascimento europeo, esaminando una serie di calendari poetici moderni modellati sul poema di Ovidio. Recenti studi sui Fasti di Ovidio hanno rilevato come la propensione del poema a contestare il significato di una particolare occasione faciliti un esame del rapporto tra passato e presente di Roma, attraverso il quale il poeta mira a criticare la riorganizzazione del calendario romano da parte di Augusto. Il presente contributo suggerisce come un'operazione con analogo significato politico possa essere riconosciuta alla base di numerosi fasti del Rinascimento. Usando il ricordo di questi poemi del Sacco di Roma (1527) come caso di studio, si sostiene, in primo luogo, che la funzione commemorativa del genere sia attivata in modo competitivo dai suoi primi autori moderni per riflettere sulla storia e sullo status di Roma, e in particolare sul suo ruolo di caput mundi che la città ha rivestito sin dall'antichità. In secondo luogo, si dimostra come nella seconda metà del XVI secolo, il genere della poesia calendariale — e in particolare i Fasti di Ovidio — divengano un mezzo significativo attraverso il quale gli umanisti del Rinascimento criticano la natura del potere, in un momento in cui gli scismi politici ed ecclesiastici in Europa divennero più consistenti.
- Type
- Articles
- Information
- Copyright
- Copyright © British School at Rome 2020
Footnotes
1
I am grateful to audiences in Toronto and Venice for lively discussions, and to Ingrid De Smet, Philip Hardie, Stephen Hinds, John Miller and the two anonymous readers for their constructive comments. All translations of Latin are my own. Classical authors and works are cited according to abbreviations in The Oxford Classical Dictionary, eds S. Hornblower, A. Spawforth and E. Eidinow (Oxford University Press, 4th edition, 2012 and online).
References
REFERENCES
Alton, E.H., Wormell, D.E.W., and Courtney, E. (1997) (eds) P. Ovidi Nasonis Fastorum libri sex. Stuttgart, Teubner.Google Scholar
Chytraeus, Nathan (1594) Fastorum ecclesiae christianae libri duodecim. Hanau, Guilielmus Antonius.Google Scholar
Lazzarelli, Ludovico (1991) Fasti christianae religionis. Testo edito per la prima volta, corredato di apparato critico e di introduzione. Ed. Bertolini, M.. Naples, D'Auria.Google Scholar
Moor, Robert (1595) Diarium historicopoeticum: In quo praeter constellationum vtriusque hemisphaerii, et zodiaci, ortus, et occasus […]. Oxford, Iosephus Barnesius.Google Scholar
Poliziano, Angelo (1991) Commento inedito ai Fasti di Ovidio. Ed. Lo Monaco, F.. Florence, Olschki.Google Scholar
Barchiesi, A. (1991) Discordant Muses. Proceedings of the Cambridge Philological Society 37: 1–21.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barchiesi, A. (1997) The Poet and the Prince: Ovid and Augustan Discourse. Berkeley/Los Angeles, University of California Press.Google Scholar
Bastiaensen, M. (1994) Nathan Chytraeus (1543–1598). Voyages en Europe (Hodoeporica). Poèmes latins de la Renaissance édités, traduits et annotés. Brussels, Peeters.Google Scholar
Beard, M. (1987) A complex of times: no more sheep on Romulus’ birthday. Proceedings of the Cambridge Philological Society 33: 1–15.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Catracchia, B. (1980) L'umanista ferentinate N. F. e il “sacco” di Roma. Lunario romano IX: 599–607.Google Scholar
Chastel, A. (1983) The Sack of Rome, 1527. Princeton, Princeton University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Corfiati, C. (2003) Il cod. Vat. lat. 2853: per una storia dei Fastorum christianae religionis libri di Ludovico Lazzarelli. Roma nel Rinascimento: 256–76.Google Scholar
D'Amico, J.F. (1983) Renaissance Humanism in Papal Rome: Humanists and Churchmen on the Eve of the Reformation. Baltimore (MD), Johns Hopkins University Press.Google Scholar
De Caprio, V. (1986) Testi poetici sul Sacco di Roma del 1527. Rivista di Studi Italiani IV: 35–53.Google Scholar
De Caprio, V. (1987) Roma. In Rosa, A. Asor (ed.), Letteratura italiana — Storia e geographia II. L'età moderna: 327–472. Turin, Einaudi.Google Scholar
De Caprio, V. (1991) La tradizione e il trauma: idee del Rinasamento romano. Manziana, Vecchiarelli.Google Scholar
Feeney, D. (1992) Si licet et fas est: Ovid's Fasti and the problem of free speech under the Principate. In Powell, A. (ed.), Roman Poetry and Propaganda in the Age of Augustus: 1–25. Bristol, BCP.Google Scholar
Feeney, D. (2007) Caesar's Calendar. Cambridge (MA), Harvard University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Firpo, M. (1990) Il Sacco di Roma del 1527. Tra profezia, propaganda politica e riforma religiosa. Cagliari, CUEC.Google Scholar
Fritsen, A. (2000) Ludovico Lazzarelli's Fasti christianae religionis: recipient and context of an Ovidian poem. In Tournoy, G. and Sacre, D. (eds), Myricae: Essays on Neo-Latin Literature in Memory of Jozef IJsewijn: 115–32. Leuven, Leuven University Press.Google Scholar
Fritsen, A. (2015) Antiquarian Voices: The Roman Academy and the Commentary Tradition on Ovid's Fasti. Columbus, Ohio State University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gouwens, K. (1998) Remembering the Renaissance: Humanist Narratives of the Sack of Rome. Leiden, Brill.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Greene, T.M. (1982) Resurrecting Rome: the double task of the humanist imagination. In Ramsey, P.A. (ed.), Rome in the Renaissance: The City and the Myth: 41–55. Binghamton (NY), Center for Medieval and Early Renaissance Studies.Google Scholar
Greengrass, M. (1995) France in the Age of Henri IV: The Struggle for Stability (second edition). London, Routledge.Google Scholar
Gruhl, R. (2018) Protestantische Kalenderdichtung in Rostock: Die Fasti Ecclesiae Christianae des Nathan Chytraeus. In Assel, H., Steiger, J. and Walter, A. (eds), Reformatio Baltica. Kulturwirkungen der Reformation in den Metropolen des Ostseeraums: 385–404. Berlin/Boston (MA), De Gruyter.Google Scholar
Gwynne, P. (2015) Patterns of Patronage in Renaissance Rome. Francesco Sperulo: Poet, Prelate, Soldier, Spy, 2 vols. Oxford, Peter Lang.Google Scholar
Hardie, P. (1991) The Janus episode in Ovid's Fasti. Materiali e Discussioni per l'Analisi dei Testi Classici 26: 47–64.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harries, B. (1991) Ovid and the Fabii: Fasti 2.193–474. Classical Quarterly 41: 150–68.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Herbert-Brown, G. (1994) Ovid and the Fasti: An Historical Study. Oxford, Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hinds, S. (1992b) Arma in the Fasti part 2: genre, Romulean Rome and Augustan ideology. Arethusa 25: 113–53.Google Scholar
Jacks, P. (1993) The Antiquarian and the Myth of Antiquity: The Origins of Rome in Renaissance Thought. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Kilgour, M. (2014) The poetics of time: the Fasti in the Renaissance. In Miller, J.F. and Newlands, C. (eds), A Handbook on the Reception of Ovid: 217–31. Malden/Oxford, Wiley-Blackwell.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Knecht, R. (2010) The French Wars of Religion 1559–1598 (third edition). London, Routledge.Google Scholar
Koch, E. (1996) Chytraeus, Nathan. In Hillerbrand, H. J. (ed.), The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Reformation, 4 vols. Oxford, Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Littlewood, R.J. (2006) A Commentary on Ovid: Fasti Book VI. Oxford, Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Medin, A. and Frati, L. (1969) (eds) Lamenti storici dei secoli XIV, XV e XVI. Bologna, Commissione per i testi di lingua.Google Scholar
Miglio, M., De Caprio, V., Arasse, F. and Asor Rosa, A. (1986) Il sacco di Roma del 1527 e l'immaginario collettivo. Roma, Istituto nazionale di studi romani.Google Scholar
Miller, J.F. (2003) Ovid's Fasti and the neo-Latin Christian calendar poem. International Journal of the Classical Tradition 10: 173–86.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miller, J.F. (2015) Ovid's Janus and the start of the year in Renaissance fasti sacri. In Mack, P. and North, J. (eds), The Afterlife of Ovid: 81–93. London, University of London.Google Scholar
Miller, J. F. (2018) Ovid's Fasti and Renaissance calendar-poems: Muses, May, celestial might. In Rivero, L., Álvarez, M.C., Iglesias, R.M., and Estévez, J.A. (eds), Vivam! Estudios sobre la orba de Ovidio / Studies on Ovid's Poetry: 237–51. Huelva, Universidad de Huelva.Google Scholar
Mitchell, B. (1973) Rome in the High Renaissance: The Age of Leo X. Norman, University of Oklahoma Press.Google Scholar
Moul, V. (2017) (ed.) A Guide to Neo-Latin Literature. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Newlands, C. (2004–5) The other John Gower and the first English translation of Ovid's Fasti. Hermathena 177–8: 251–6.Google Scholar
O'Malley, J.W. (1979) Praise and Blame in Renaissance Rome: Rhetoric, Doctrine, and Reform in the Sacred Orators of c.1450–1521. Durham (NC), Duke University Press.Google Scholar
Partner, P. (1976) Renaissance Rome, 1500–1559: A Portrait of a Society. Berkeley/Los Angeles, University of California Press.Google Scholar
Pasco-Pranger, M. (2006) Founding the Year: Ovid's Fasti and the Poetics of the Roman Calendar. Leiden, Brill.Google Scholar
Pignatti, F. (1997) Fracco, Ambrogio. In Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani 49: 566–7.Google Scholar
Prodi, P. (1982) Il sovrano pontefice. Un corpo e due anime: la monarchia papale nella prima età moderna. Bologna, Mulino.Google Scholar
Romei, D. (2018) Lamenti di Roma 1527. Edizione critica e commento. Lulu (online publisher). www.academia.edu/37227587/Lamenti_di_Roma_1527._Edizione_critica_e_commento_a_cura_di_Danilo_Romei_s.l._Lulu_2018. Last accessed 24 March 2020.Google Scholar
Rowland, I.D. (1986) “Render unto Caesar the things which are Caesar's”: humanism and the arts in the patronage of Agostino Chigi. Renaissance Quarterly 39: 673–730.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schmidt, P.G. (1993) Antike Kalenderdichtung in Nationalgeprägter Umformung des 16. Jahrhunderts. Die Fasti ecclesiae christianae des Nathan Chytraeus. In Klaniczay, T., Németh, S.K., and Schmidt, P.G. (eds), Antike Rezeption und nationale Identität in der Renaissance insbesondere in Deutschland und Ungarn: 111–17. Budapest, Balassi Kiadó.Google Scholar
Schmidt, P.G. (1994) Transformation und Substitution von Ovids Fasten im 16. und 17. Jahrhundert. In Moss, A., Dust, P., Schmidt, P.G., Chomarat, J. and Tateo, F. (eds), Acta Conventus Neo-Latini Hafniensis. Proceedings of the Eighth International Congress of Neo-Latin Studies: 891–8. Binghamton (NY), Medieval and Renaissance Texts and Studies.Google Scholar
Soldati, B. (1903) Gl'inni sacri d'un astrologo del Rinascimento. In Miscellanea di studi in onore di A. Graf: 405–29. Bergamo, Instituto italiano d'arti grafiche.Google Scholar
Tafuri, M. (1992) Ricerca del Rinascimento: Principi, Città, Architetti. Turin, Einaudi.Google Scholar
Trümpy, H. (1979) Die Fasti des Baptista Mantuanus von 1516 als volkskundliche Quelle: Textauswahl, Übersetzung und Kommentar. Nieuwkoop, B. de Graaf.Google Scholar
Tucker, G.H. (2003) Homo Viator: Itineraries of Exile, Displacement and Writing in Renaissance Europe. Geneva, Droz.Google Scholar
Wallace-Hadrill, A. (1987) Time for Augustus: Ovid, Augustus and the Fasti. In Whitby, Michael, Hardie, P.R., and Whitby, Mary (eds), Homo viator: Classical Essays for John Bramble: 221–30. Bristol, BCP.Google Scholar
Wolfe, M. (1993) The Conversion of Henri IV: Politics, Power, and Religious Belief in Early Modern France. Cambridge (MA), Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Xinyue, B. (2018) Augustus in book 8 of Morisot's Fasti. In Goodman, P. (ed.), Afterlives of Augustus: AD 14–2014: 198–218. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Alton, E.H., Wormell, D.E.W., and Courtney, E. (1997) (eds) P. Ovidi Nasonis Fastorum libri sex. Stuttgart, Teubner.Google Scholar
Chytraeus, Nathan (1594) Fastorum ecclesiae christianae libri duodecim. Hanau, Guilielmus Antonius.Google Scholar
Lazzarelli, Ludovico (1991) Fasti christianae religionis. Testo edito per la prima volta, corredato di apparato critico e di introduzione. Ed. Bertolini, M.. Naples, D'Auria.Google Scholar
Moor, Robert (1595) Diarium historicopoeticum: In quo praeter constellationum vtriusque hemisphaerii, et zodiaci, ortus, et occasus […]. Oxford, Iosephus Barnesius.Google Scholar
Poliziano, Angelo (1991) Commento inedito ai Fasti di Ovidio. Ed. Lo Monaco, F.. Florence, Olschki.Google Scholar
Barchiesi, A. (1991) Discordant Muses. Proceedings of the Cambridge Philological Society 37: 1–21.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barchiesi, A. (1997) The Poet and the Prince: Ovid and Augustan Discourse. Berkeley/Los Angeles, University of California Press.Google Scholar
Bastiaensen, M. (1994) Nathan Chytraeus (1543–1598). Voyages en Europe (Hodoeporica). Poèmes latins de la Renaissance édités, traduits et annotés. Brussels, Peeters.Google Scholar
Beard, M. (1987) A complex of times: no more sheep on Romulus’ birthday. Proceedings of the Cambridge Philological Society 33: 1–15.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Catracchia, B. (1980) L'umanista ferentinate N. F. e il “sacco” di Roma. Lunario romano IX: 599–607.Google Scholar
Chastel, A. (1983) The Sack of Rome, 1527. Princeton, Princeton University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Corfiati, C. (2003) Il cod. Vat. lat. 2853: per una storia dei Fastorum christianae religionis libri di Ludovico Lazzarelli. Roma nel Rinascimento: 256–76.Google Scholar
D'Amico, J.F. (1983) Renaissance Humanism in Papal Rome: Humanists and Churchmen on the Eve of the Reformation. Baltimore (MD), Johns Hopkins University Press.Google Scholar
De Caprio, V. (1986) Testi poetici sul Sacco di Roma del 1527. Rivista di Studi Italiani IV: 35–53.Google Scholar
De Caprio, V. (1987) Roma. In Rosa, A. Asor (ed.), Letteratura italiana — Storia e geographia II. L'età moderna: 327–472. Turin, Einaudi.Google Scholar
De Caprio, V. (1991) La tradizione e il trauma: idee del Rinasamento romano. Manziana, Vecchiarelli.Google Scholar
Feeney, D. (1992) Si licet et fas est: Ovid's Fasti and the problem of free speech under the Principate. In Powell, A. (ed.), Roman Poetry and Propaganda in the Age of Augustus: 1–25. Bristol, BCP.Google Scholar
Feeney, D. (2007) Caesar's Calendar. Cambridge (MA), Harvard University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Firpo, M. (1990) Il Sacco di Roma del 1527. Tra profezia, propaganda politica e riforma religiosa. Cagliari, CUEC.Google Scholar
Fritsen, A. (2000) Ludovico Lazzarelli's Fasti christianae religionis: recipient and context of an Ovidian poem. In Tournoy, G. and Sacre, D. (eds), Myricae: Essays on Neo-Latin Literature in Memory of Jozef IJsewijn: 115–32. Leuven, Leuven University Press.Google Scholar
Fritsen, A. (2015) Antiquarian Voices: The Roman Academy and the Commentary Tradition on Ovid's Fasti. Columbus, Ohio State University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gouwens, K. (1998) Remembering the Renaissance: Humanist Narratives of the Sack of Rome. Leiden, Brill.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Greene, T.M. (1982) Resurrecting Rome: the double task of the humanist imagination. In Ramsey, P.A. (ed.), Rome in the Renaissance: The City and the Myth: 41–55. Binghamton (NY), Center for Medieval and Early Renaissance Studies.Google Scholar
Greengrass, M. (1995) France in the Age of Henri IV: The Struggle for Stability (second edition). London, Routledge.Google Scholar
Gruhl, R. (2018) Protestantische Kalenderdichtung in Rostock: Die Fasti Ecclesiae Christianae des Nathan Chytraeus. In Assel, H., Steiger, J. and Walter, A. (eds), Reformatio Baltica. Kulturwirkungen der Reformation in den Metropolen des Ostseeraums: 385–404. Berlin/Boston (MA), De Gruyter.Google Scholar
Gwynne, P. (2015) Patterns of Patronage in Renaissance Rome. Francesco Sperulo: Poet, Prelate, Soldier, Spy, 2 vols. Oxford, Peter Lang.Google Scholar
Hardie, P. (1991) The Janus episode in Ovid's Fasti. Materiali e Discussioni per l'Analisi dei Testi Classici 26: 47–64.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harries, B. (1991) Ovid and the Fabii: Fasti 2.193–474. Classical Quarterly 41: 150–68.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Herbert-Brown, G. (1994) Ovid and the Fasti: An Historical Study. Oxford, Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hinds, S. (1992b) Arma in the Fasti part 2: genre, Romulean Rome and Augustan ideology. Arethusa 25: 113–53.Google Scholar
Jacks, P. (1993) The Antiquarian and the Myth of Antiquity: The Origins of Rome in Renaissance Thought. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Kilgour, M. (2014) The poetics of time: the Fasti in the Renaissance. In Miller, J.F. and Newlands, C. (eds), A Handbook on the Reception of Ovid: 217–31. Malden/Oxford, Wiley-Blackwell.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Knecht, R. (2010) The French Wars of Religion 1559–1598 (third edition). London, Routledge.Google Scholar
Koch, E. (1996) Chytraeus, Nathan. In Hillerbrand, H. J. (ed.), The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Reformation, 4 vols. Oxford, Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Littlewood, R.J. (2006) A Commentary on Ovid: Fasti Book VI. Oxford, Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Medin, A. and Frati, L. (1969) (eds) Lamenti storici dei secoli XIV, XV e XVI. Bologna, Commissione per i testi di lingua.Google Scholar
Miglio, M., De Caprio, V., Arasse, F. and Asor Rosa, A. (1986) Il sacco di Roma del 1527 e l'immaginario collettivo. Roma, Istituto nazionale di studi romani.Google Scholar
Miller, J.F. (2003) Ovid's Fasti and the neo-Latin Christian calendar poem. International Journal of the Classical Tradition 10: 173–86.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miller, J.F. (2015) Ovid's Janus and the start of the year in Renaissance fasti sacri. In Mack, P. and North, J. (eds), The Afterlife of Ovid: 81–93. London, University of London.Google Scholar
Miller, J. F. (2018) Ovid's Fasti and Renaissance calendar-poems: Muses, May, celestial might. In Rivero, L., Álvarez, M.C., Iglesias, R.M., and Estévez, J.A. (eds), Vivam! Estudios sobre la orba de Ovidio / Studies on Ovid's Poetry: 237–51. Huelva, Universidad de Huelva.Google Scholar
Mitchell, B. (1973) Rome in the High Renaissance: The Age of Leo X. Norman, University of Oklahoma Press.Google Scholar
Moul, V. (2017) (ed.) A Guide to Neo-Latin Literature. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Newlands, C. (2004–5) The other John Gower and the first English translation of Ovid's Fasti. Hermathena 177–8: 251–6.Google Scholar
O'Malley, J.W. (1979) Praise and Blame in Renaissance Rome: Rhetoric, Doctrine, and Reform in the Sacred Orators of c.1450–1521. Durham (NC), Duke University Press.Google Scholar
Partner, P. (1976) Renaissance Rome, 1500–1559: A Portrait of a Society. Berkeley/Los Angeles, University of California Press.Google Scholar
Pasco-Pranger, M. (2006) Founding the Year: Ovid's Fasti and the Poetics of the Roman Calendar. Leiden, Brill.Google Scholar
Pignatti, F. (1997) Fracco, Ambrogio. In Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani 49: 566–7.Google Scholar
Prodi, P. (1982) Il sovrano pontefice. Un corpo e due anime: la monarchia papale nella prima età moderna. Bologna, Mulino.Google Scholar
Romei, D. (2018) Lamenti di Roma 1527. Edizione critica e commento. Lulu (online publisher). www.academia.edu/37227587/Lamenti_di_Roma_1527._Edizione_critica_e_commento_a_cura_di_Danilo_Romei_s.l._Lulu_2018. Last accessed 24 March 2020.Google Scholar
Rowland, I.D. (1986) “Render unto Caesar the things which are Caesar's”: humanism and the arts in the patronage of Agostino Chigi. Renaissance Quarterly 39: 673–730.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schmidt, P.G. (1993) Antike Kalenderdichtung in Nationalgeprägter Umformung des 16. Jahrhunderts. Die Fasti ecclesiae christianae des Nathan Chytraeus. In Klaniczay, T., Németh, S.K., and Schmidt, P.G. (eds), Antike Rezeption und nationale Identität in der Renaissance insbesondere in Deutschland und Ungarn: 111–17. Budapest, Balassi Kiadó.Google Scholar
Schmidt, P.G. (1994) Transformation und Substitution von Ovids Fasten im 16. und 17. Jahrhundert. In Moss, A., Dust, P., Schmidt, P.G., Chomarat, J. and Tateo, F. (eds), Acta Conventus Neo-Latini Hafniensis. Proceedings of the Eighth International Congress of Neo-Latin Studies: 891–8. Binghamton (NY), Medieval and Renaissance Texts and Studies.Google Scholar
Soldati, B. (1903) Gl'inni sacri d'un astrologo del Rinascimento. In Miscellanea di studi in onore di A. Graf: 405–29. Bergamo, Instituto italiano d'arti grafiche.Google Scholar
Tafuri, M. (1992) Ricerca del Rinascimento: Principi, Città, Architetti. Turin, Einaudi.Google Scholar
Trümpy, H. (1979) Die Fasti des Baptista Mantuanus von 1516 als volkskundliche Quelle: Textauswahl, Übersetzung und Kommentar. Nieuwkoop, B. de Graaf.Google Scholar
Tucker, G.H. (2003) Homo Viator: Itineraries of Exile, Displacement and Writing in Renaissance Europe. Geneva, Droz.Google Scholar
Wallace-Hadrill, A. (1987) Time for Augustus: Ovid, Augustus and the Fasti. In Whitby, Michael, Hardie, P.R., and Whitby, Mary (eds), Homo viator: Classical Essays for John Bramble: 221–30. Bristol, BCP.Google Scholar
Wolfe, M. (1993) The Conversion of Henri IV: Politics, Power, and Religious Belief in Early Modern France. Cambridge (MA), Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Xinyue, B. (2018) Augustus in book 8 of Morisot's Fasti. In Goodman, P. (ed.), Afterlives of Augustus: AD 14–2014: 198–218. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar