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Factors related to positive attitudes toward palliative care: Direct and indirect effects of self-care self-efficacy, knowledge, and beliefs

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 July 2022

Cristian Ramos-Vera Open the ORCID record for Cristian Ramos-Vera [Opens in a new window] ,
Alicia Krikorian Open the ORCID record for Alicia Krikorian [Opens in a new window]  and
Jose Vallejos Saldarriaga Open the ORCID record for Jose Vallejos Saldarriaga [Opens in a new window]
Cristian Ramos-Vera
Affiliation:
Research Area, School of Health Sciences, Universidad César Vallejo, Lima, Peru Sociedad Peruana de Psicometría, Lima, Peru
Alicia Krikorian*
Affiliation:
Pain and Palliative Care Group, School of Health Sciences, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellín, Colombia
Jose Vallejos Saldarriaga
Affiliation:
Research Area, School of Health Sciences, Universidad César Vallejo, Lima, Peru
*
Author for correspondence: Alicia Krikorian, Pain and Palliative Care Group, School of health Sciences, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Calle 78 b # 72 a 157, Campus de Robledo, Medellín, Colombia. Email: aliciakriko@gmail.com
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Abstract

Context

Knowledge, beliefs, and attitudes toward palliative care (PC) constitute barriers to its access. Few studies have focused on the intrinsic relationship between these variables, and none has examined the relationship between them and self-care self-efficacy.

Objective

To examine the direct and indirect effects of self-care self-efficacy, knowledge, and beliefs on attitudes toward PC.

Methods

A cross-sectional predictive study was conducted. Self-care self-efficacy, knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs about PC were analyzed using information from the Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS 5, cycle 2, 2018). Data from 1,162 participants were considered. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to represent the statistical mediation model with latent and observable variables.

Results

The structural model presents positive coefficients indicating that self-care self-efficacy significantly predicts knowledge (β = 0.127, p < 0.001) and beliefs (β = 0.078, p = 0.023). Similarly, knowledge is associated with attitudes (β = 0.179, p < 0.001) and beliefs (β = 0.213, p < 0.001). The beliefs measure is also significantly related to attitudes (β = 0.474, p < 0.001). In addition, this structural multiple mediation model shows optimal goodness-of-fit indices: χ2/df = 3.49, CFI = 0.983, TLI = 0.976, RMSEA = 0.046 [90% CI: 0.037–0.056], SRMR = 0.038.

Conclusion

Self-care self-efficacy is significantly associated with knowledge and beliefs about PC, which in turn are related to each other. Altogether, these variables predict positive attitudes toward PC. Understanding the relationship between these variables is relevant for targeting-specific populations and designing timely strategies to improve access to PC.

Keywords

AttitudesBeliefsKnowledgePalliative careSelf-care self-efficacy
Type
Original Article
Information
Palliative & Supportive Care , Volume 21 , Issue 6 , December 2023 , pp. 973 - 979
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Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press

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