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The ductility and fracture toughness of single crystal NiAl have been studied as functions of thermal treatments at moderate and high temperatures. The data indicate that fast cooling through the temperature range 400°C - 20°C results in a material with a tensile elongation of 7% and a fracture toughness in the range of 13 -17 MPam1/2. It is concluded that prior reports of brittle behavior in single crystal NiAl may be a result of strain-age embrittlement, similar to that observed in mild steels. The data strongly suggest that ductility and toughness in NiAl are more strongly dependent upon mobile dislocation density rather than on the inherent mobility of dislocations in the ordered lattice. Similar behavior may also be possible in other intermetallic compounds.