Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-ndmmz Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-05-22T15:33:05.363Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Fundamental Approach for Predicting Pore-Water Composition in Fossil Fuel Combustion Wastes

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 February 2011

Dhanpat Rai ,
S. V. Mattigod ,
L. E. Eary  and
C. C. Ainsworth
Dhanpat Rai
Affiliation:
Battelle, Pacific Northwest Laboratories, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352
S. V. Mattigod
Affiliation:
Battelle, Pacific Northwest Laboratories, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352
L. E. Eary
Affiliation:
Battelle, Pacific Northwest Laboratories, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352
C. C. Ainsworth
Affiliation:
Battelle, Pacific Northwest Laboratories, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352
Get access

Abstract

An application of a fundamental thermochemical approach that relates the aqueous concentrations of elements to specific chemical reactions in waste/water systems is described. The approach involves the concept of waste as consisting of mixtures of discrete solids (pure solid phases and solid solution phases) that control aqueous concentrations of individual solutes through their solubilization or adsorption/desorption characteristics. Thermochemical data can then be used in conjunction with knowledge of the specific solid phases present in the wastes to calculate the aqueous concentrations of elements. This approach does not explicitly consider specific rates of kinetically controlled reactions but does incorporate empirical knowledge of the relative rates of several reaction types. Overall, the thermochemical approach is applicable to all waste types and environments, and is appropriate because (1) most waste solids that either are present or are expected to form during weathering have relatively rapid precipitation/dissolution kinetics, and (2) experimental results, enrichment of many constituents on particle surfaces, and the large specific surface areas of wastes suggest that many of the constituents present in the wastes are accessible to solution attack and are mobilized fairly rapidly. Supporting evidence for the successful application of this approach to predicting pore-water concentrations of several major and trace elements in utility wastes is discussed.

Type
Research Article
Information
MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL) , Volume 113: Symposium Q – Fly Ash and Coal Conversion By-Products IV , 1987 , 317
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 1988

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

1. Rai, Dhanpat, Ainsworth, C.C., Eary, L.E., Mattigod, S.V. and Jackson, D.R., Inorganic and Organic Constituents in Fossil Fuel Combustion Residues. Volume 1: A Critical Review, EA-5176, V.1 (Electric Power Research Institute, Palo Alto, California, 1987).Google Scholar
2. Smith, R.D., Prog. Energy Combust. Sci. 6, 53–119 (1980).Google Scholar
3. Warren, C.J. and Dudas, M.J., J. Environ. Qual. 14, 405–410 (1985).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
4. Hulett, L.D., Weinberger, A.J., Ferguson, N.M., Northcutt, K.J. and Lyon, W.S., Trace Element and Phase Relations in Fly Ash, EA-1822 (Electric Power Research Institute, Palo Alto, California, 1981).Google Scholar
5. Roy, W.R., Thiery, R.G., Schuller, R.M. and Suloway, J.J., Coal Fly Ash: A Review of the Literature and Proposal Classification Svstem with Emphasis on Environmental Impacts, Environmental Geology Notes 96 (Illinois State Geological Survey, Champaign, Illinois, 1981).Google Scholar
6. Roy, W.R. and Griffin, R.A., Environ. Sci. Technol. 18, 739–742 (1984).Google Scholar
7. Talbot, R.W., Anderson, M.A. and Andren, A.W., Environ. Sci. Technol. 12, 1056–1062 (1978).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
8. Ainsworth, C.C. and Rai, Dhanpat, Selected Chemical Characterization of Fossil Fuel Wastes, EPRI EA-5321 (Electric Power Research Institute, Palo Alto, California, 1987).Google Scholar
9. Warren, C.J. and Dudas, M.J., J. Environ. Qual. 13, 530–538 (1984).Google Scholar
10. Dudas, M.J., Environ. Sci. Technol. 15, 840–843 (1981).Google Scholar
11. Hansen, L.D. and Fisher, G.L., Environ. Sci. Technol. 14, 1111–1117 (1980).Google Scholar
12. van der Sloot, H.A. and Nieuwendijk, B.J.T., Wastes Ocean 4, 449–465 (1985).Google Scholar
13. Hulett, L.D. Jr., Weinberger, A.J., Northcutt, K.J. and Ferguson, M., Science 219, 1356–1358 (1980).Google Scholar
14. Mattigod, S.V., Scanning Electron Microscopy, 1982/2, 611–617 (1982).Google Scholar
15. Wagman, D.P., Evans, W.H., Parker, V.B., Schumm, R.H., Halow, I., Bailey, S.M., Churney, K.L. and Nuttall, R.L., J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, Vol.11, Supplement 2 (American Chemical Society and the American Institute for Physics, New York, 1982).Google Scholar
16. Henry, W.M. and Knapp, K.T., Environ. Sci. Technol. 14, 450–456 (1980).Google Scholar
17. Felmy, A.R., Girvin, D.C. and Jenne, E.A., MINTEQ - A Computer Program for Calculating Aqueous Geochemical Equilibria, EPA 600–3–84–032 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Athens, Georgia, 1984).Google Scholar
18. Glasser, F.P., Lachowski, E.E. and MacPhee, D.E., J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 70, 481–485 (1977).Google Scholar
19. Sass, B.M. and Rai, Dhanpat, Inorg. Chem. 26, 2228–2232 (1987).CrossRefGoogle Scholar