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Fabrication, Characterization and Electronic Properties of Bismuth Nanowire Systems

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 February 2011

Zhibo B. Zhang ,
M. S. Dresselhaus  and
Jackie Y. Ying
Zhibo B. Zhang
Affiliation:
Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
M. S. Dresselhaus*
Affiliation:
Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
Jackie Y. Ying
Affiliation:
Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
*
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
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Abstract

We have fabricated ultra-fine Bi nanowire (10–120 nm) arrays with packing densities as high as 7.1 × 1010/cm2 by pressure injecting its liquid melt into the evacuated nano-channels of an anodic alumina template. Using this fabrication technique, we have also prepared Te-doped n-type Bi nanowires. Free-standing Bi nanowires with an aspect ratio (length/diameter) higher than 500 are obtained by etching away the anodic alumina matrix without attacking the Bi. The resulting Bi nanowires are shown to be single crystals (with the same crystal structure as bulk Bi) and all the wires of a nanowire array are similarly oriented along the wire axis. The small electron effective mass of Bi, the high anisotropy of its Fermi surface, and the large aspect ratio of the Bi nanowires make this a very promising material for low-dimensional thermoelectric applications and an excellent system for studying quantum confinement effects in a quasi-one-dimensional (1D) electron gas. A theoretical model based on the basic band structure of bulk Bi, suitably modified for the 1D situation, is constructed to explore the electrical transport properties of Bi nanowires, which are expected to be very different from those of bulk Bi.

Type
Research Article
Information
MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL) , Volume 545: Symposium Z – Thermoelectric Materials 1998 - The Next Generation… , 1998 , 351
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 1999

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References

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