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Effect of Cationic or Anionic Dopants on Optical and Photocatalytic Properties of TiO2 Nanopowders made by Flame Spray Synthesis (FSS)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 January 2011

Katarzyna Anna Michalow ,
Andre Heel ,
Thomas Graule  and
Mieczyslaw Rekas
Katarzyna Anna Michalow
Affiliation:
katarzynamichalow@o2.pl, AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Material Science and Ceramics, Krakow, Poland
Andre Heel
Affiliation:
andre.heel@empa.ch, EMPA Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Testing and Research, Laboratory for High Performance Ceramics, Duebendorf, Switzerland
Thomas Graule
Affiliation:
thomas.graule@empa.ch, EMPA Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Testing and Research, Laboratory for High Performance Ceramics, Duebendorf, Switzerland
Mieczyslaw Rekas
Affiliation:
rekas@agh.edu.pl, AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Material Science and Ceramics, Krakow, Poland
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Abstract

TiO2, TiO2-1at.% W and TiO2-1at.% Cr were produced from metal-organic precursors by flame spray synthesis (FSS). TiO2-0.5at.% N was obtained by ammonolysis of FSS made TiO2 nanopowder in a rotating tube furnace under NH3 atmosphere. According to the X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, anatase is the predominant phase in all samples. Diffusive reflectance and the resulting band gap energy (Eg) were determined by diffusive reflection spectroscopy (DRS). Additional impurity bands at 2.43 and 2.57 eV for N- and Cr-doped TiO2, respectively have been observed. The impurity band formed in the band gap resulted in increase of the light absorption in the visible range. The photocatalytic performance of the nanopowders under ultraviolet (UV, 290-410 nm) and visible light irradiation (Vis, 400-500 nm) was studied by the degradation of methylene blue (MB) in aqueous suspensions. It was found that all types of dopants influence the structure, interaction with the visible light as well as photocatalytic activity. Among all nanopowders, TiO2-W exhibited the best photoactivity, much higher than the commercial TiO2-P25 nanopowder. The optimum of the photodecolourization was obtained for 0.7 and 1 at.% W.

Keywords

electronic structuredopantnanostructure
Type
Research Article
Information
MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL) , Volume 1171: Symposium S – Materials in Photocatalysis and Photoelectrochemistry for Environmental Applications and H2 Generation , 2009 , 1171-S02-05
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2009

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