Hostname: page-component-77c89778f8-vsgnj Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-16T09:52:36.890Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Correlation Among Process Routes, Microstructures and Properties of Chemically Vapor Deposited Silicon Carbide

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 February 2011

Robert F. Davis*
Affiliation:
North Carolina State University, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Box 7907, Raleigh, NC 27695
Get access

Abstract

“Silicon carbide” is a generic term for a host of different materials produced by several process routes which yield a variety of microstructures and associated property characteristics. The route of chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is used primarily to deposit SiC for wear- and corrosion- resistant coatings and for diffusion barriers to and from the underlying substrate. Presently this technique is also being used to deposit monocrystalline semiconductor thin films of SiC and to infiltrate various high temperature woven fabrics with this material. The following sections describe the results of thermodynamic calculations to define SiC CVD diagrams using various precursor gas mixtures, discuss various CVD techniques and detail the results of deformation, infiltration and thin film deposition studies that have been recently conducted on vapor deposited SiC.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 1990

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1.Schlicting, J., Powder Metall Int. 12, 141147 and 196–200 (1980).Google Scholar
2.Smith, F.T.J., Carnall, E. and Ladd, L.S., Int. Jour. High Tech. Ceramics 3, 263276 (1987).Google Scholar
3.Chin, J., Gantzel, P.K., and Hudson, R.G., Thin Solid Films 40, 5771 (1977).Google Scholar
4.Pampuch, R. and Stobierski, L., in Proceedings of the 3rd CIMTEC: 3rd International Meeting on Modern Ceramics Technologies, edited by P. Vincenzini (National Research Council, Faenze, Italy, 1978), pp. 180–190.Google Scholar
5.Brander, R.W., in Silicon Carbide-1973, edited by Marshall, R.C., Faust, J.W. Jr., and Ryan, C.E. (University of South Carolina Press, Columbia, SC, 1974), pp. 823.Google Scholar
6.Harris, J.M., Gatos, H.C., and Witt, A.F., Jour. Electrochem. Soc. 118, 335346 (1971).Google Scholar
7.Wessels, B., Gatos, H.C. and Witt, A.F., in Ref. 5, pp. 25–32.Google Scholar
8.Weiss, J.R. and Diefendorf, R.J., in Ref. 5, pp. 80–91.Google Scholar
9.Ivanova, L.M., Kazaryan, G.A., and Pletyushkin, A.A., Inorg. Mater. (Engl. Transl) 2, 192197 (1966).Google Scholar
10.Gulden, T.D., J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 51, 424430 (1968).Google Scholar
11.Rai-Choudhury, P. and Formigoni, N.P., J. Electro-chem. Soc. 116, 440450 (1969).Google Scholar
12.Spruiell, J.E., in Chemical Vapor Deposition: Second International Conference, edited by Blocher, J.M. and Withers, J.E., (Electrochemical Society, New York, 1970), pp. 279–295.Google Scholar
13.Turpin, M. and Robert, A., Proc. Br. Ceram. Soc. 22, 337–53 (1973).Google Scholar
14.Popper, P. and Riley, F.L., Proc. Br. Ceram. Soc. 7, 99112 (1967).Google Scholar
15.Avigal, Y., Schieber, M., and Levin, R., J. Crystal Growth 24/25, 188200 (1974).Google Scholar
16.Kobayashi, F., Ikawa, K., and Iwamoto, K., J. Crystal Growth 28, 395404 (1975).Google Scholar
17.Spear, K.E., Pure and Appl. Chem. 54, 12971311 (1982).Google Scholar
18.Minagawa, S. and Gatos, H.C., Jap. J. Appl. Phys. 19, 844–49 (1971).Google Scholar
19.Christin, F., Naslain, R. and Bernard, C. in Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Chemical Vapor Deposition, edited by T.O. Sedgwick and H. Lydtin (The Electrochemical Society, Pennington, NJ, 1979), pp. 499–514.Google Scholar
20.Buzhdan, Y.M., Kocheshkova, A.A. and Kuznetsov, F.A., in Ref. 9, pp. 412–422.Google Scholar
21.Lever, R.F., IBM Jour. 8, 460465 (1964).Google Scholar
22.Kingon, A.I., Lutz, L.J., Liaw, P. and Davis, R.F., Jour. Am. Ceram. Soc. 66, 558566 (1983).Google Scholar
23. JANAF Thermochemical Tables (a) Second Edition, NS RDS-NBS 37. National Bureau of Standards (1971), (b) 1974 Supplement. J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 3, 311–480 (1974), (c) 1975 Supplement J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 4, 1–175 (1975).Google Scholar
24.Liaw, P.H. and Davis, R.F., J. Electrochem. Soc. 116, 11401147 (1969).Google Scholar
25.Stinton, D.P., Bessman, T.M. and Lowden, R.A., Am. Ceramic Soc. Bull. 67, 350355 (1988).Google Scholar
26.Gulden, T.D., Jour. Am. Ceram. Soc. 52, 474477 (1969).Google Scholar
27.Carter, C.H. Jr., Davis, R.F. and Bentley, J., Jour. Am. Ceram. Soc. 67, 732740 (1984).Google Scholar
28.Hong, J.D. and Davis, R.F., J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 63, 546552 (1980).Google Scholar
29.Hong, J.D., Newbury, D.E. and Davis, R.F., J. Mater. Sci. 16, 24852494 (1981)Google Scholar
30.Hon, M. and Davis, R.F., J. Mater. Sci. 14, 24112421 (1979).Google Scholar
31.Withers, J.C. in Ref. 12, pp. 484–497.Google Scholar
32.Fitzer, E., Hegen, D. and Strohmeier, H., in Ref. 12, pp. 525–535.Google Scholar
33.Fitzer, E. and Gadow, R., Am. Ceram. Soc. Bull. 65, 326335 (1988).Google Scholar
34.Lamicq, P.J., Bernhart, G.A., Danchier, M.M. and Mace, J.G., in Ref. 33, pp. 336–338 (1986).Google Scholar
35.Stinton, D.P., Caputo, A.J. and Lowden, R.A., in Ref. 33, pp. 347–350.Google Scholar
36.Caputo, A.J., Stinton, D.P., Lowden, R.A., Besman, T.M., Am. Ceram. Soc. Bull. 66, 368372 (1987).Google Scholar
37.Caputo, A.J. and Lackey, W.J., Ceram. Eng. Sci. Proc. 5, 654667 (1984).Google Scholar
38.Caputo, A.J., Lackey, W.J. and Stinton, D.P., Ceram. Eng. Sci. Proc. 6, 694706 (1985).Google Scholar
39.Pirouz, P., Scripta Met. 23, 401406 (1989).Google Scholar
40.Nishino, S., Hazuki, Y., Matsunami, H., and Tanaka, T., J. Electrochem. Soc. 137, 2674 (1980).Google Scholar
41.Nishino, S., Powell, J.A. and Will, H.A., Appl. Phys. Lett. 42, 460 (1983).Google Scholar
42.Suzuki, A., Furukawa, K., Higashigaki, Y., Harada, S., Nakajima, S., and Inoguchi, T., J. Cryst. Growth 70, 287 (1984).Google Scholar
43.Addamiano, A and Klein, P.H., J. Cryst. Growth 70, 291 (1984).Google Scholar
44.Sasaki, K., Skuma, E., Misana, S., Yoshida, S., and Gonda, S., Appl. Phys. Lett. 45, 73 (1984).Google Scholar
45.Liaw, P.H. and Davis, R.F., J. Electrochem. Soc. 132, 642 (1985).Google Scholar
46.Fujiwara, Y., Sakuma, E., Misawa, S., Endo, K., and Yoshida, S., Appl. Phys. Lett. 49, 388 (1986).Google Scholar
47.Yamanaka, M., Daimon, H., Sakuma, E., Misawa, S., and Yoshida, S., J. Appl. Phys. 61, 599 (1987).Google Scholar
48.Suzuki, A., Uemoto, A., Shigeta, M., Furukawa, K., and Nakajima, S., Extended Abstracts of the 18th (1986 International) Conference on Solid State Devices and Materials, Tokyo, 1986, pp. 101–104.Google Scholar
49.Shibahara, K., Nishino, S., and Matsunami, H., J. Cryst. Growth 78, 538 (1986).Google Scholar
50.Powell, J.A., Matus, L.G., and Kucmarski, M.A., J. Electrochem. Soc. 134, 1558 (1987).Google Scholar
51.Yoshida, S., Sakuma, E., Okumura, H., Misawa, S., and Endo, K., J. Appl. Phys. 62, 303 (1987).Google Scholar
52.Fugii, Y., Ogura, A., Furukawa, K., Shigeta, M., Suzuki, A., and Nakajima, S. in Heteroepitaxy on Silicon: Fundamentals, Structures, and Devices, edited by Choi, H.K., Hull, R., Ishiwara, H., and Nemanich, R.J. (Mater. Res. Soc. Proc. 116, Pittsburgh, PA 1988) pp. 350356.Google Scholar
53.Sugii, T., Ito, T., Furumura, Y., Doki, M., Mieno, F., Eshita, T., Jour. Electrochem. Soc. 134, 2545 (1987).Google Scholar
54.Shinohara, M., Yamanaka, M., Daimon, H., Sakuma, E., Okumura, H., Misawa, S., Endo, K., and Yoshida, S., Jap. Jour. Appl. Phys. 27, L434 (1988).Google Scholar
55.Kim, H.J. and Davis, R.F., Jour. Appl. Phys. 60, 2897 (1986).Google Scholar
56. See papers by Matsnami et al., Matus, and Powell, , Nishino, and Saraie, , and Kong, H.S.et al. in Amorphous and Crystalline Silicon Carbide, edited by Harris, G.L. and Yang, C.Y-W. (Springer-Verlag, New York, 1988).Google Scholar
57.Kim, H.J., Davis, R.F., Cox, X.B. and Linton, R., J. Electrochem. Soc. 134, 2269 (1987).Google Scholar
58.Nutt, S.R., Smith, D.J., Kim, H.J., and Davis, R.F., Appl. Phys. Lett. 50, 203 (1987).Google Scholar
59.Glass, J.T., Wang, Y.C., Kong, H.S., and Davis, R.F., in Heteroepitaxy on Silicon: Fundamentals. Structures. and Devices, edited by Choi, H.K., Hall, R., Ishiwara, H., and Nemanich, R.J. (Mater. Res. Soc. Proc. 116, Pittsburgh, PA 1988) pp. 337349.Google Scholar
60.Pirouz, P., Chorey, C.M., and Powell, J.A., Appl. Phys. Lett. 50, 221 (1987).Google Scholar
61.Kong, H.S., Wang, Y.C., Glass, J.T., and Davis, R.F., Jour. Mater. Res. 3, 521 (1988).Google Scholar
62.Kong, H.S., Glass, J.T., and Davis, R.F., Jour. Applied Phys. 64, 2672 (1988).Google Scholar
63.Kong, H.S., Glass, J.T., and Davis, R.F., Jour. Mater. Res. 4, 204 (1989).Google Scholar
64.Tairov, Y.M., Tsvetkov, V.F.: Journ. of Crystal Growth 43, 209 (1978).Google Scholar
65.Tairov, Y.M., Tsvetkov, V.F.: J. Crystal Growth 52, 146 (1981).Google Scholar
66.Ziegler, G., Lanig, P., Theis, D., Weyrich, C.: IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices ED–30, 277 (1983).Google Scholar
67.Kim, H.J. and Davis, R.F., Jour. Electrochem. Soc. 133, 2350 (1986).Google Scholar
68.Ryu, J., Kim, H.J., and Davis, R.F. in Rapid Thermal Processing, edited by Sedgwick, T.O., Seidel, T.E. and Tsau, B.Y. (Mater. Res. Soc. Proc. 52, Pittsubrgh, PA 1986) pp. 165172.Google Scholar
69.Edmond, J.A., Withrow, S.P., Kong, H.S., and Davis, R.F., in Beam-Solid Interactions and Phase Transformations, edited by Kurz, H., Olson, G.L., and Poate, J.M. (Mater. Res. Soc. Proc. 51, Pittsburgh, PA 1986) pp. 395402.Google Scholar
70.Edmond, J.A., Withrow, S.P., Wadlin, W., and Davis, R.F. in Interfaces. Superlattices. and Thin Films, edited by Dow, J.D., Schuller, I.K., and Hilliard, J. (Mater. Res. Soc. Proc. 77, Pittsburgh, PA 1987) pp. 405410.Google Scholar
71.Palmour, J.W., Kim, H.J., and Davis, R.F. in Thin Films—Interfaces and Phenomena, edited by Nemanich, R.J., Ho, D.S., and Lau, S.S. (Mater. Res. Soc. Proc. 54, Pittsburgh, PA 1986) pp. 553560.Google Scholar
72.Edmond, J.A., Ryu, J., Glass, J.T., and Davis, R.F., Jour. Electrochem. Soc. 135, 359 (1988).Google Scholar
73.Das, K., Kong, H.S., Petit, J.B., Bumgarner, J.W., Davis, R.F., and Matus, L.G., Accepted for Publication by the Electrochemical Society.Google Scholar
74.Yoshida, S., Sasaki, K., Sakuma, E., Misawa, S. and Gonda, S., Appl. Phys. Lett. 46, 766 (1985).Google Scholar
75.Furukawa, K., Uemoto, A., Fujii, Y., Shigeta, M., Suzuki, A., and Nakajima, S., Extended Abstracts of the 19th Conference on Solid State Devices and Materials, #C-4−3, Tokyo, Japan (1987) pp. 231–234.Google Scholar
76.Yoshida, S., Daimon, H., Yamanaka, M., Sakuma, E., Misawa, S., and Endo, K., J. Appl. Phys. 60, 2985 (1986).Google Scholar
77.Daimon, H., Yamanaka, M., Sakuma, E., Misawa, S., Endo, K., and Yoshida, S., Jpn. Jour. Appl. Phys. 25, L592 (1986).Google Scholar
78.Daimon, H., Yamanaka, M., Shinohara, M., Sakuma, E., Misawa, S., Endo, K., and Yoshida, S., Appl. Phys. Lett. 51, 2106 (1987).Google Scholar
79.Kong, H.S., Palmour, J.W., Glass, J.T., and Davis, R.F., Appl. Phys. Lett. 51, 442 (1987).Google Scholar
80.Kurukawa, K., Uemoto, A., Shigota, M., Suzuki, A., and Makajima, S., Appl. Phys. Lett. 48, 1536 (1986).Google Scholar
81.Suzuki, A., Uemoto, A., Shigota, M., Furukawa, K., and Makajima, S., in Extended Abstracts of the 18th Int. Conf. on Solid State Devices and Materials, Tokyo, p.101 (1986).Google Scholar
82.Shibahara, K., Saito, T., Nishino, S., and Matsunami, H., in Extended Abstracts of the 18th Int. Conf. on Solid State Devices and Materials, Tokyo, 1986, p. 717.Google Scholar
83.Fuma, H., Misura, A., Tadano, H., Sugiyama, S., and Takigawa, M., #A-1–3 in Extended Abstracts of the 20th Conference on Solid State Devices and Materials, Tokyo, Japan (1988) pp. 13–16.Google Scholar
84.Palmour, J.W., Kong, H.S., and Davis, R.F., J. Appl. Phys. 64, 2168 (1988).Google Scholar
85.Kondo, Y., Takahasi, T., Ishi, K., Hayashi, Y., Sakuma, E., Misawa, S., Daimon, H., Yamaraka, M., and Yoshida, S., IEEE Electron Device Lett. 7, 404 (1986).Google Scholar
86.Furukawa, K., Hatano, A., Uemoto, A., Fugii, Y. and Nakanishi, K., Shigeta, M., Suzuki, A., and Nakajima, S., IEEE Electron Device Letters Vol. EDL–8, No. 2, 1987.Google Scholar
87.Palmour, J.W., Kong, H.S., and Davis, R.F., Appl. Phys. Lett. 51, 2028 (1987).Google Scholar
88.Davis, Robert F., Palmour, J.W. and Edmond, J.A., accepted for publication in the Proceedings of the MRS Symp. on Diamond, Boron Nitride, Silicon Carbide and Related Wide Bandgap Semiconductors.Google Scholar