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Chemical Structuring and Materials Design in the Shells of Modern Brachiopods

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 February 2011

Erika Griesshaber ,
Reinhart Job ,
Klemens Kelm ,
Sehrbrock Angelika ,
R. D. Neuser ,
Werner Mader  and
Wolfgang W. Schmahl
Erika Griesshaber
Affiliation:
erika.griesshaber@rub.de, University of Bochum, Geology, Mineralogy and Geophysics, Germany
Reinhart Job
Affiliation:
reinhart.job@fernuni-hagen.de, University of Hagen, Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Germany
Klemens Kelm
Affiliation:
kelm@uni-bonn.de, University of Bonn, Inorganic Chemistry, Germany
Sehrbrock Angelika
Affiliation:
sehrbrock@caesar.de, CAESAR, Germany
R. D. Neuser
Affiliation:
University of Bochum, Department of Geology, Mineralogy and Geophysics, Bochum, Germany
Werner Mader
Affiliation:
mader@uni-bonn.de, University of Bonn, Inorganic Chemistry, Germany
Wolfgang W. Schmahl
Affiliation:
wolfgang.schmahl@lrz.uni-muenchen.de, University of Munich (LMU), Earth Sciences, Germany
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Abstract

Compositional and structural variations at various scale levels have been investigated in the shells of the modern brachiopod Megerlia truncata combining transmission electron microscopy (TEM), cathodoluminescence (CL), laser-ablation-inductively-coupled-mass-spectrometric (LA-ICP-MS) and micro-Raman spectroscopical (µRS) analyses. Our results show that these shells can be addressed as hierarchially structured, multi-scaled organic/inorganic fibre composites. A significant chemical as well as a mechanical inhomogeneity is observable within the shells. This occurs on various scale levels ranging from less then one to a few houndred microns. In concert to systematic variations in micro- and nanohardness the µRS and CL analyses reveal a systematic distribution and incorporation of organic material within the shells, which is negligible within the nanocrystalline primary layer but is present in a significant amount in the innermost part of the secondary layer, next to the organic tissue of the animal. Mechanical performance (hardness and fracture toughness) of this biomaterial is mainly determined by textural features, an extreme variation of crystallite size and a purpose oriented interlikage of organic and inorganic components.

Keywords

biologicalcompositeRaman spectroscopy
Type
Research Article
Information
MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL) , Volume 898: Symposium L – Mechanical Behavior of Biological and Biomimetic Materials , 2005 , 0898-L12-04
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2006

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References

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