Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-xfwgj Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-07T01:40:38.643Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Synthesis of polypropylene-graft-norbornene by reactive extrusion and its rheological behavior

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 June 2020

Zhenghui Li
Affiliation:
School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University of Technology, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
Lu Chen
Affiliation:
School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University of Technology, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
Peijie Yu
Affiliation:
School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University of Technology, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
Lingli Zhang
Affiliation:
Ningbo College of Health Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
Hongyu Hu*
Affiliation:
Xingzhi College Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China
*
Address all correspondence to Hongyu Hu at huhongyu22@126.com
Get access

Abstract

To overcome the steric effect of norbornene (NB), first-generation Grubbs’ catalyst (GC1) was used as the catalyst to graft NB onto the polypropylene (PP) chain by reactive extrusion. Instead of harsh reaction conditions, such as anhydrous, which was the general method to synthesize NB polymers, this convenient method would be easier to industrialize. The mechanism of grafting was studied by using Fourier Transform InfraRed spectra and differential scanning calorimetry. It was found that GC1 could initiate the ring-opening metathesis polymerization of NB to obtain short NB chain-grafted PP-g-NB. The rheological behavior showed that the grafted NB short chains on PP-g-NB increase the shear thinning of the polymers and decrease the system viscosity.

Type
Research Letters
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society, 2020

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Poveda, P.N.S., Molari, J.A., Brunelli, D.D., and Silva, L.G.A.E.: Study of different process additives applied to polypropylene. In Characterization of Minerals, Metals, and Materials 2018, edited by Li, B., Li, J., Ikhmayies, S., Zhang, M., Kalay, Y.E., Carpenter, J.S., Hwang, J.-Y., Monteiro, S.N., Firrao, D., Brown, A., Bai, C., Peng, Z., Escobedo-Diaz, J.P., Goswami, R. and Kim, J. (Springer, Cham, 2018) pp. 661667.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wu, C.M., Murakami, R.I., Lai, S.G., Lin, P.C., and Rwei, S.P.: Investigation on the interface modification of pet/pp composites. Mod. Phys. Lett. B 1940019 (2019). doi:10.1142/S0217984919400190.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhang, W., Jin, S., Liang, Y., Hu, D., and Dai, Y.: Preparation of polypropylene grafted 4-propoxy-2-hydroxybenzophenone. Gongneng Cailiao/J. Funct. Mater. 49, 1108011084 (2018).Google Scholar
Blank, F. and Janiak, C.: Metal catalysts for the vinyl/addition polymerization of norbornene. Coordin. Chem. Rev. 253, 827861 (2009).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yang, D., Dong, J., and Wang, B.: Homo- and copolymerization of norbornene with tridentate nickel complexes bearing o-aryloxide-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands. Dalton Trans. 47, 180189 (2018).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nguyen, S.B.T., Johnson, L.K., Grubbs, R.H., and Ziller, J.W.: Ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) of norbornene by a Group VIII carbene complex in protic media. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 114, 39743975 (1992).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fernandes, H., Filho, R.M.S., José, L.S.S., and Lima-Neto, B.S.: Bio-based plant oil polymers from romp of norbornene modified with triglyceride from crude red palm olein. RSC Adv. 6, 7510475110 (2016).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ihara, E., Honjyo, S., Itoh, T., Inoue, K., and Nodono, M.: Radical copolymerization of alkyl 2-norbornene-2-carboxylate with alkyl acrylates: facile incorporation of norbornane framework into poly(alkyl acrylate)s. J. Polym. Sci. A: Polym. Chem. 45, 45974605 (2007).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ihara, E., Honjyo, S., Kobayashi, K., Ishii, S., Itoh, T., and Inoue, K.: Radical copolymerization of methyl 2-norbornene-2-carboxylate and 2-phenyl-2-norbornene with styrene, alkyl acrylate, and methyl methacrylate: facile incorporation of norbornane framework into polymer main chain and its effect on glass transition temperature. Polymer 51, 397402 (2010).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nomura, K., Tsubota, M., and Fujiki, M.: Efficient ethylene/norbornene copolymerization by (aryloxo) (indenyl) titanium(iv) complexes−MAO catalyst system. Macromolecules 36, 37973799 (2003).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hasan, T., Ikeda, T., and Shiono, T.: Ethene−norbornene copolymer with high norbornene content produced by ansa-fluorenylamidodimethyltitanium complex using a suitable activator. Macromolecules 37, 85038509 (2004).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hasan, T., Ikeda, T., and Shiono, T.: Random copolymerization of propene and norbornene with ansa-fluorenylamidodimethyltitanium-based catalysts. Macromolecules 38, 10711074 (2005).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cai, Z., Nakayama, Y., and Shiono, T.: Living random copolymerization of propylene and norbornene with ansa-fluorenylamidodimethyltitanium complex: synthesis of novel syndiotactic polypropylene-b-poly(propylene-ran-norbornene). Macromolecules 39, 20312033 (2006).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Elyashiv-Barad, S., Greinert, N., and Sen, A.: Copolymerization of methyl acrylate with norbornene derivatives by atom transfer radical polymerization. Macromolecules 35, 75217526 (2002).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Peruch, F., Cramail, H., and Deffieux, A.: Homopolymerization and copolymerization of styrene and norbornene with Ni-based/MAO catalysts. Macromol. Chem. Phys. 199, 22212227 (1998).3.0.CO;2-X>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mi, X., Ma, Z., Wang, L., Ke, Y., and Hu, Y.: Homo- and copolymerization of norbornene and styrene with Pd- and Ni-based novel bridged dinuclear diimine complexes and MAO. Macromol. Chem. Phys. 204, 868876 (2003).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gao, H., Chen, Y., Zhu, F., and Wu, Q.: Copolymerization of norbornene and styrene catalyzed by a novel anilido–imino nickel complex/methylaluminoxane system. J. Polym. Sci. A: Polym. Chem. 44, 52375246 (2006).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cao, X., Shi, Y., Gan, W., and Gao, H.: Tandem functionalization in one highly branched polymer with layered structure. Chem. A Eur. J. 24, 59745981 (2018).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chiu, S.T., Chiang, H.Y., Lin, Y.J., Lu, Y.Y., Tanaka, H., Hosokai, T., and Horie, M.: Self-assembly and ring-opening metathesis polymerization of cyclic conjugated molecules on highly ordered pyrolytic graphite. Chem. Commun. 54, 55465549 (2018).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wu, X., Xu, Q., Shang, S., Shu, J., Liu, C., and Zhu, Z.: Low-frequency internal friction study on the structural changes in polymer melts. Chin. Phys. Lett. 25, 13881391 (2008).Google Scholar