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Surface functionalization and biological applications of CVD diamond

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2014

Sabine Szunerits ,
Christoph E. Nebel  and
Robert J. Hamers
Sabine Szunerits
Affiliation:
University Lille 1, Interdisciplinary Research Institute, Parc de la Haute Borne, France; sabine.szunerits@iri.univ-lille1.fr
Christoph E. Nebel
Affiliation:
Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Solid State Physics, Freiburg, Germany; christoph.nebel@iaf.fraunhofer.de
Robert J. Hamers
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA; rjhamers@wisc.edu
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Abstract

Recent advances in biotechnology have fueled a need for well-defined, highly stable interfaces modified with a variety of biomolecules. Diamond is a particularly attractive material for biological applications because of its chemical stability and good biocompatibility. Since diamond can be made conductive by doping, it is also of interest for a variety of electrically based biological sensing applications that achieve improved performance through selective biological modification. Recent developments of diamond growth by chemical vapor deposition have enabled the preparation of large-area synthetic diamond films on different substrates at a reasonable cost. An as-grown diamond film is terminated by hydrogen on the surface and shows hydrophobic wetting characteristics, besides chemical inertness. This has created problems for attachment of many biomolecules that are inherently hydrophilic. The challenge to make diamond useful for in vivo applications thus lies in covalently linking biomolecules to such surfaces. Several breakthroughs have been accomplished over the last decade, and attaching biomolecules to diamond in a controlled and reproducible way can nowadays be achieved in several different manners and is the focus of this article.

Keywords

diamondthin filmbiomedicalsurface chemistry
Type
Research Article
Information
MRS Bulletin , Volume 39 , Issue 6: CVD Diamond—Research, Applications, and Challenges , June 2014 , pp. 517 - 524
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2014 

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