Hostname: page-component-77c89778f8-5wvtr Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-17T15:20:00.889Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Interfaces in Structural Ceramics

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 November 2013

M. Grant Norton  and
C. Barry Carter
Get access

Extract

Structural ceramics are necessarily polycrystalline and their usefulness is largely determined by the interfaces between the grains. The relationship between the structure and chemistry of different interfaces and the micro-structure can be illustrated by reviewing studies of interfaces in a wide range of materials including such classical ceramics as Al2O3, the current “hightech” polyphase ceramics exemplified by ZrO2-toughened Al2O3, and the composite materials of the future. Using transmission electron microscopy is essential for a complete understanding, but limitations to its use must be recognized. Only by understanding the factors that control the behavior of these interfaces will it become possible to further extend the application of interface engineering.

Structural ceramics are a group of materials that can be used for applications requiring their strength to persist at high temperatures or in conditions that would be particularly corrosive to alternative materials, which are usually metallic. Strength and strength-related properties such as toughness depend largely on the microstructural features of the processed material.

The microstructure is defined by the morphology and size of the grains and the interfaces between these grains. If the grains are in intimate contact, then the interface is a grain boundary of the type familiar from studies of metals.

Type
Interfaces Part II
Information
MRS Bulletin , Volume 15 , Issue 10 , October 1990 , pp. 51 - 59
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 1990

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1.Kelly, A. and Macmillan, N.H., Strong Solids, 3rd edition (Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1986).Google Scholar
2.Kingery, W.D., Bowen, H.K., and Uhlmann, D.R., Introduction to Ceramics, 2nd edition (John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1976).Google Scholar
3.Surfaces and Interfaces of Ceramic Materials, NATO ASI Series E, Vol. 173, edited by Dufour, L.-C., Monty, C., and Petot-Ervas, A. (Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 1989).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
4.Science and Technology of Zirconia, Advances in Ceramic, Vol, 3, edited by Heuer, A.H. and Hobbs, L.W., (American Ceramic Society, OH, 1981).Google Scholar
5.Science and Technology of Zirconia, Vol. 12, Advances in Ceramics, edited by Claussen, N., Ruhle, M., and Heuer, A. (American Ceramic Society, OH, 1984).Google Scholar
6.Nitrogen Ceramics, NATO ASI Series E, No. 23, edited by Riley, F.L. (Noordhoff International, Netherlands, 1977).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
7.Progress in Nitrogen Ceramics, NATO ASI Series E, No. 65, edited by Riley, F.L. (Martinus Nijhoff, The Hague, 1983).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
8.Structure and Properties of MgO and Al2O3 Ceramics, Vol. 10, Advances in Ceramics, edited by Kingery, W.D. (American Ceramic Society, OH, 1984).Google Scholar
9.Ceramic Microstructures '86: Role of Interfaces, Vol. 21, Materials Science Research, edited by Pask, J. A. and Evans, A.G. (Plenum, New York, 1987).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
10.Davidge, R.W., Mechanical Behavior of Ceramics (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1979).Google Scholar
11.Pratt, P.L., Met Sci (1980) p. 363.Google Scholar
12.Wachtman, J.B., in Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Ceramics, edited by Wachtman, J.B. (National Bureau of Standards, Washington, D.C.), NBS Special Publication 303, p. 139.Google Scholar
13.Zhao, J. and Harmer, M.P., J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 71 (1988) p. 113, 530.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
14.Mitchell, T.E., Hwang, L., and Heuer, A.H., J. Mat. Sci. 11 (1976) p. 264.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
15.Ostyn, K.M. and Carter, C. B., Adv. Ceram. 6 (1983) p. 44.Google Scholar
16.Carter, C.B., Elgat, Z., and Shaw, T.M., Phil. Mag. A55(1) (1986) p. 21.Google Scholar
17.Morrissey, K.J. and Carter, C.B., J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 67(4) (1984) p. 292.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
18.Chaudhari, P. and Matthews, J.W., J. Appl. Phys. 42 (1971) p. 3063.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
19.Wolf, D., Mater. Sci. Res. 14 (1981) p. 13.Google Scholar
20.Duffy, D.M. and Tasker, P.W., Phil. Mag. A53(1) (1986) p. 113.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
21.Kouh, Y.M., Carter, C.B., Morrissey, K.J., Angelini, P., and Bentley, J., J.Mat Sci. 21 (1986) p. 2689.Google Scholar
22.Sun, C.P. and Balluffi, R.W., Phil. Mag. A46 (1982) p. 49,63.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
23.Stenton, N. and Harmer, M.P., Adv. Ceram. 7 (1983) p. 156.Google Scholar
24.Hyde, B.G., Andersson, S., Bakker, M., Plug, C.M., and O'Keeffe, M., Prog. Solid St. Chem. 12 (1974) p. 273.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
25.Clarke, D.R., Ultramicroscopy 4 (1979) p. 33.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
26.Clarke, D.R., J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 70(1) (1986) p. 15.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
27.Marion, J.E., Hseuh, C.H., and Evans, A.G., J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 70(10) (1987) p. 708.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
28.Katz, R.N. and Gazza, G.E. in Processing of Crystalline Ceramics, edited by Palmour, H. III, Davis, R.F., and Hare, T.M., Materials Science Research Vol. 11 (1978) p. 547.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
29.Tsuge, A. and Nishida, K., Amer. Ceram. Soc. Bull. 57 (1978) p. 424.Google Scholar
30.Clarke, D.R. and Shaw, T.M. in Processing of Crystalline Ceramics, edited by Palmorr, H. III, Davis, R. F., and Hare, T. M., Materials Science Research Vol. 11, (1978) p. 589.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
31.Jack, K.H., J. Mater. Sci. 11 (1976) p. 1135.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
32.Evans, A.G. and Heuer, A.H., J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 63 (1980) p. 241.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
33.Claussen, N., J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 59 (1976) p. 49.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
34.Evans, A.G. and Faber, K.T., J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 67 (1984) p. 255.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
35.Faber, K.T. and Evans, A.G., Acta. Metall. 3 (1983) p. 565.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
36.Stevens, R., Zirconia and Zirconia Ceramics, Magnesium Elektron Ltd., Publication No. 113 (1986).Google Scholar
37.Kraus, S., M.S. Thesis, Case Western Reserve University (1986).Google Scholar
38.Bowen, D.H., Phillips, D.C., Sambell, R.A.J., and Briggs, A. in Proc. of the International Conference on Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Soc. of Materials Science, Japan (1972) p. 123.Google Scholar
39.Tailoring Multiphase and Composite Ceramics, edited by Tiegler, R.E., Messing, G.L., Pontano, C.G., and Newnham, R.E.Materials Science Research, Vol. 20 (1986).Google Scholar