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Polymer and composite electrolytes

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 October 2018

Daniel T. Hallinan Jr. ,
Irune Villaluenga  and
Nitash P. Balsara
Daniel T. Hallinan Jr.
Affiliation:
Florida A&M University–Florida State University, USA; dhallinan@fsu.edu
Irune Villaluenga
Affiliation:
Blue Current, USA; irvillaluenga@gmail.com
Nitash P. Balsara
Affiliation:
University of California, Berkeley, USA; nbalsara@berkeley.edu
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Abstract

Solid inorganic and polymeric electrolytes have the potential to enable rechargeable batteries with higher energy densities, compared to current lithium-ion technology, which uses liquid electrolyte. Inorganic materials such as ceramics and glasses conduct lithium ions well, but they are brittle, which makes incorporation into a battery difficult. Polymers have the flexibility for facile use in a battery, but their transport properties tend to be inferior to inorganics. Thus, there is growing interest in composite electrolytes with inorganic and organic phases in intimate contact. This article begins with a discussion of ion transport in single-phase electrolytes. A dimensionless number (the Newman number) is presented for quantifying the efficacy of electrolytes. An effective medium framework for predicting transport properties of composite electrolytes containing only one conducting phase is then presented. The opportunities and challenges presented by composite electrolytes containing two conducting phases are addressed. Finally, the importance and status of reaction kinetics at the interfaces between solid electrolytes and electrodes are covered, using a lithium-metal electrode as an example.

Keywords

energy storageionic conductornanostructurekineticsceramic
Type
Frontiers of Solid-State Batteries
Information
MRS Bulletin , Volume 43 , Issue 10: Frontiers of Solid-State Batteries , October 2018 , pp. 759 - 767
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2018 

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