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Chrysoberyl, beryl and zincian spinel mineralization in granulite-facies Archaean rocks at Dowerin, Western Australia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 July 2018

P. J. Downes  and
A. W. R. Bevan
P. J. Downes*
Affiliation:
Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Western Australian Museum, Francis Street, Perth, Western Australia 6000
A. W. R. Bevan
Affiliation:
Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Western Australian Museum, Francis Street, Perth, Western Australia 6000
*
*E-mail: downesp@museum.wa.gov.au
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Abstract

A deposit of chrysoberyl (BeAl2O4), including the variety alexandrite, occurs near Dowerin, in the southwestern region of the Archaean Yilgarn Craton, Western Australia. The deposit is situated in the northern part of the Lake Grace Terrain, a crustal component of the southwestern Yilgarn Craton, in granulite-facies gneisses (2640–2649 Ma; T = 700°C, P <6 kbar) adjacent to the margin of the Kellerberrin Batholith (2587±25 Ma). Beryllium mineralization at Dowerin occurs in plagioclase-quartz-biotite-garnet gneiss and cross-cutting tourmaline-plagioclase veins situated adjacent to lenses of actinolite-cummingtonite-phlogopite schist. Crystals of chrysoberyl (0.15–1.74 wt.% Cr2O3; 2.25–3.23 wt.% FeO; trace–0.13 wt.% ZnO; SiO2 <0.05 wt.%) are found embedded in almandine or plagioclase, and closely intergrown with biotite and/or zincian hercynite in the host-rock gneiss. Minor Cr and Fe in the alexandrite variety of chrysoberyl were possibly derived from associated zincian hercynite and/or almandine. Trace beryl (0.04–0.20 wt.% Cr2O3; 0.54–0.71 wt.% FeO; trace– 0.22 wt.% Na2O; 0.1–0.71 wt.% MgO) occurs as anhedral interstital grains between crystals of chrysoberyl, plagioclase and biotite, and as rare inclusions in chrysoberyl. Textural and mineral chemical evidence suggests that chrysoberyl and zincian spinels (chromite to hercynite containing from 2–8 wt.% ZnO) formed during granulite-facies regional metamorphism and probably pre-dated the formation of metamorphic tourmaline-plagioclase veins during the same metamorphic episode. The Be, B and Zn required to form chrysoberyl, beryl, tourmaline and zincian spinels may have been released by metamorphic reactions in host-rock metapelites during prograde granulite-facies metamorphism.

Keywords

berylalexandritespinelBe mineralizationchrysoberylgranulite-facies terrainsYilgarn CratonWestern Australia
Type
Research Article
Information
Mineralogical Magazine , Volume 66 , Issue 6 , December 2002 , pp. 985 - 1002
Copyright
Copyright © The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 2002

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