Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-mp689 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-24T08:40:39.553Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Lorentz Transmission Electron Microscopy Image Simulations of Experimental Nano-Chessboard Observations in Co-Pt Alloys

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 June 2018

Isha Kashyap
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
Yongmei M. Jin
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931, USA
Eric P. Vetter
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
Jerrold A. Floro
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
Marc De Graef*
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
*
Author for correspondence: Marc De Graef, E-mail: degraef@cmu.edu
Get access

Abstract

The magnetization configuration of a novel nano-chessboard structure consisting of L10 and L12 phases in a Co40Pt60 alloy is investigated using Lorentz transmission electron microscopy (LTEM) and micro-magnetic simulations. We show high-resolution LTEM images of nano-size magnetic features acquired through spherical aberration correction in Lorentz Fresnel mode. Phase reconstructions and LTEM image simulations are carried out to fully understand the magnetic microstructure. The experimental Fresnel images of the nano-chessboard structure show zig-zag shaped magnetic domain walls at the inter-phase boundaries between L10 and L12 phases. A circular magnetization distribution with vortex and anti-vortex type arrangement is evident in the phase reconstructed magnetic induction maps as well as simulated maps. The magnetic contrast in experimental LTEM images is interpreted with the help of magnetic induction maps simulated for various relative electron beam-sample orientations inside the TEM.

Type
Materials Science Applications
Copyright
© Microscopy Society of America 2018 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

Cite this article: Kashyap I, Jin YM, Vetter EP, Floro JA and De Graef M (2018) Lorentz Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) Image Simulations of Experimental Nano-Chessboard Observations in Co-Pt Alloys. Microsc Microanal. doi: 10.1017/S143192761800034X

References

Aharonov, Y Bohm, D (1959) Significance of electromagnetic potentials in the quantum theory. Phys Rev 115, 485491.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Beleggia, M Zhu, Y (2003) Electron-optical phase shift of magnetic nanoparticles, Part I: Basic concepts. Philos Mag 83, 10451057.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Beleggia, M, Zhu, Y, Tandon, S De Graef, M (2003) Electron-optical phase shift of magnetic nanoparticles, Part II: Polyhedral particles. Philos Mag 83, 11431161.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Budruk, A, Phatak, C, Petford-Long, AK De Graef, M (2011) In situ Lorentz TEM magnetization study of a Ni-Mn-Ga ferromagnetic shape memory alloy. Acta Mater 59, 48954906.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chess, JJ, Montoya, SA, Harvey, TR, Ophus, C, Couture, S, Lomakin, V, Fullerton, EE McMorran, BJ (2017) Streamlined approach to mapping the magnetic induction of skyrmionic materials. Ultramicroscopy 177, 7883.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
De Graef, M (2000) Chapter 2: Lorentz microscopy: Theoretical basis and image simulations. In Magnetic Microscopy and Its Applications to Magnetic Materials, Experimental Methods in the Physical Sciences, Vol. 36. De Graef M & Zhu Y (Eds.), pp. 27–67. San Diego, CA: Academic Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
De Graef, M (2003) Introduction to Conventional Transmission Electron Microscopy. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ghatwai, P (2015) Structure-Property Relationships in Ordered Co-Pt Alloys of Near-Eutectoid Compositions. PhD Thesis. University of Virginia.Google Scholar
Hubert, A Schafer, R (2009) Magnetic Domains: The Analysis of Magnetic Microstructures. Berlin, Germany: Springer.Google Scholar
Humphrey, E De Graef, M (2013) On the computation of the magnetic phase shift for magnetic nano-particles of arbitrary shape using a spherical projection model. Ultramicroscopy 129, 3641.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Humphrey, E, Phatak, C, Petford-Long, AK De Graef, M (2014) Separation of electrostatic and magnetic phase shifts using a modified transport-of-intensity equation. Ultramicroscopy 139, 512.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kashyap, I De Graef, M (2016) Magnetic domain imaging of Ni-Mn-Ga Heusler alloys using Lorentz TEM. Microsc Microanal 22, 17201721.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kashyap, I, Floro, JA, Jin, YM De Graef, M (2017) Aberration corrected Lorentz microscopy to investigate magnetic domain walls in Co-Pt nano-chessboards. Microsc Microanal 23, 454455.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Le Bouar, Y, Loiseau, A Khachaturyan, A (1998) Origin of chessboard-like structures in decomposing alloys. Theoretical model and computer simulation. Acta Mater 46, 27772788.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Leroux, C, Loiseau, A, Broddin, D Van Tendeloo, G (1991) Electron microscopy study of the coherent two-phase mixtures L10+L12, in Co-Pt alloys. Philos Mag B 64, 5782.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mansuripur, M (1991) Computation of electron-diffraction patterns in Lorentz electron microscopy of thin magnetic films. J Appl Phys 69, 24552464.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McVitie, S, McGrouther, D, McFadzean, S, MacLaren, DA, O’Shea, KJ Benitez, MJ (2015) Aberration corrected lorentz scanning transmission electron microscopy. Ultramicroscopy 152, 5762.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nagai, T, Kimoto, K, Inoke, K Takeguchi, M (2017) Real-space observation of nanoscale magnetic phase separation in dysprosium by aberration-corrected Lorentz microscopy. Phys Rev B 96, 100405100409.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Paganin, D Nugent, KA (1998) Noninterferometric phase imaging with partially coherent light. Phys Rev Lett 80, 25862589.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Petford-Long, A De Graef, M (2012) Lorentz microscopy. In Characterization of Materials, Kaufmann L (Ed.), pp. 17871801. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-VCH.Google Scholar
Phatak, C, Heinonen, O, De Graef, M Petford-Long, A (2016) Nanoscale skyrmions in a nonchiral metallic multiferroic: Ni2MnGa. Nano Lett 16, 41414148.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Prabhat, KC, Mohan, KA, Phatak, C, Bouman, C De Graef, M (2017) 3D reconstruction of the magnetic vector potential using model based iterative reconstruction. Ultramicroscopy 182, 131144.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vetter, EP, Geng, L, Ghatwai, P, Gilbert, DA, Jin, Y, Soffa, WA Floro, JA (2016) Lengthscale effects on exchange coupling in Co-Pt L10+L12 nanochessboards. APL Mater 4, 096103.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vetter, EP, Ghatwai, P, Soffa, WA Floro, JA (2015) Evolution of first-order reversal curves during self-assembly of the Co40:2Pt59:8 nano-chessboard structure. IEEE Magnetics Lett 6, 14.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Volkov, VV, Zhu, Y De Graef, M (2002) A new symmetrized solution for phase retrieval using the transport of intensity equation. Micron 33, 411416.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wang, L, Laughlin, DE, Wang, Y Khachaturyan, AG (2003) Magnetic domain structure of Fe-55 at.%Pd alloy at different stages of atomic ordering. J Appl Phys 93, 79847986.CrossRefGoogle Scholar