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Improving the Analtical Accuracy in the Analysis of Particles by Employing Low Voltage Analysis:

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 July 2020

JA Small
Affiliation:
National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD20899-8371
JT Armstrong
Affiliation:
National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD20899-8371
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Extract

The energy of the electron beam, in conventional electron probe microanalysis, is generally in the range of 15-25 keV which provides the necessary overvoltage to excite efficiently the K and L x-ray lines for elements with atomic numbers in the range of about 5-83. One of the primary microanalytical methods for obtaining compositional information on particles is X-ray analysis in the electron probe and these same voltage criteria have been applied to the procedures developed for this purpose. The main difference in analytical procedures for bulk samples and particles is that corrections have to be applied to the particle k-ratios or calculated compositions to compensate for: 1) the penetration or scattering of electrons out of the particle volume and 2) variations in the absorption due to particle geometry of x-rays less than about 3 keV. In general, particle corrections improve the accuracy and reduce the relative uncertainty estimates from several tens of percent for uncorrected data to about 10% for corrected data.

Type
X-Ray Microanalysis of Rough Surfaces
Copyright
Copyright © Microscopy Society of America

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References

References:

[1]Willeke, K and Naron, P A 1993 Aerosol Measurement (New York: van Nostrand Reinhold) p 269Google Scholar
[2]Roberson, S. et al. Microbeam Analysis 1995 (New York: VCH) p 225Google Scholar