Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-2lccl Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-26T05:46:12.829Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Characterization of a Cold-Rolled 2101 Lean Duplex Stainless Steel

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2013

Paola Bassani ,
Marco Breda ,
Katya Brunelli ,
Istvan Mészáros ,
Francesca Passaretti ,
Michela Zanellato  and
Irene Calliari
Paola Bassani
Affiliation:
CNR-IENI, Unit of Lecco, Corso Promessi Sposi 29, Lecco 23900, Italy
Marco Breda*
Affiliation:
Industrial Engineering Department (DII), University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, Padova 35131, Italy
Katya Brunelli
Affiliation:
Industrial Engineering Department (DII), University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, Padova 35131, Italy
Istvan Mészáros
Affiliation:
Budapest University of Technology and Economics (DMSE), H-1111 Budapest, XI, Bertalan L. u. 7. Build., MT-H-1521 Budapest, Hungary
Francesca Passaretti
Affiliation:
CNR-IENI, Unit of Lecco, Corso Promessi Sposi 29, Lecco 23900, Italy
Michela Zanellato
Affiliation:
Industrial Engineering Department (DII), University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, Padova 35131, Italy
Irene Calliari
Affiliation:
Industrial Engineering Department (DII), University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, Padova 35131, Italy
*
*Corresponding author. E-mail: marco.breda@studenti.unipd.it
Get access

Abstract

Duplex stainless steels (DSS) may be defined as a category of steels with a two-phase ferritic–austenitic microstructure, which combines good mechanical and corrosion properties. However, these steels can undergo significant microstructural modification as a consequence of either thermo-mechanical treatments (ferrite decomposition, which causes σ- and χ-phase formation and nitride precipitation) or plastic deformation at room temperature [austenite transformation into strain-induced martensite (SIM)]. These secondary phases noticeably affect the properties of DSS, and therefore are of huge industrial interest. In the present work, SIM formation was investigated in a 2101 lean DSS. The material was subjected to cold rolling at various degrees of deformation (from 10 to 80% thickness reduction) and the microstructure developed after plastic deformation was investigated by electron backscattered diffraction, X-ray diffraction measurements, and hardness and magnetic tests. It was observed that SIM formed as a consequence of deformations higher than ~20% and residual austenite was still observed at 80% of thickness reduction. Furthermore, a direct relationship was found between microstructure and magnetic properties.

Keywords

lean duplex stainless steelcold deformationstrain-induced martensiteEBSD investigationmagnetic measurements
Type
Materials Applications
Information
Microscopy and Microanalysis , Volume 19 , Issue 4 , August 2013 , pp. 988 - 995
Copyright
Copyright © Microscopy Society of America 2013 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Baeva, M., Neov, S. & Sonntag, R. (1995). Appearance of BCC martensite after cold deformation of austenitic Fe-Cr-Mn-N steels. Scr Metall Mater 32, 1031–1035.Google Scholar
Calliari, I., Zanesco, M. & Ramous, E. (2006). Influence of isothermal aging on secondary phases precipitation and toughness of a duplex stainless steel SAF 2205. J Mater Sci 41, 7643–7649.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fiorillo, F. (2004). Measurements and Characterization of Magnetic Materials. Amsterdam, The Nederlands: Elsevier Publishing Company, Elsevier Science.Google Scholar
Haušild, P., Davydov, V., Drahokoupil, J., Landa, M. & Pilvin, P. (2010). Characterization of strain-induced martensitic transformation in a metastable austenitic stainless steel. Mater Design 31(4), 1821–1827.Google Scholar
Humpreys, F. (2004). Characterisation of fine scale microstructures by electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD). Scripta Mater 51(8), 771–776.Google Scholar
Lippold, J.C. & Kotechi, D.J. (2005). Duplex stainless steels. In Welding Metallurgy and Weldability of Stainless Steels. John Wiley & Sons Inc. (Eds.), pp. 234–237. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley Interscience.Google Scholar
Mangonon, P.L. & Thomas, G. (1970a). The martensite phase in 304 stainless steel. Metall Trans 1, 1577–1586.Google Scholar
Mangonon, P.L. & Thomas, G. (1970b). Structure and properties of thermo-mechanically treated 304 stainless steel. Metall Trans 1(6), 1587–1594.Google Scholar
Mészáros, I. & Szabo, P.J. (2005). Complex magnetic and microstructural investigation of duplex stainless steel. NDT E Int 38, 517–521.Google Scholar
Nilsson, J.O. (1992). Super duplex stainless steels. Mater Sci Tech 8(8), 685–700.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nilsson, J.O. & Chai, G. (2007). The physical metallurgy of duplex stainless steels. In Duplex 2007 International Conference & Expo, no. 13. Milano: La Metallurgia Italiana.Google Scholar
Petrov, R., Kestens, L., Wasilikowka, A. & Houbert, Y. (2007). Microstructure and texture of a lightly deformed TRIP-assisted steel characterized by means of the EBSD technique. Mat Sci Eng A 447(1-2), 285–297.Google Scholar
Randle, V. (2009). Electron backscatter diffraction: Strategies for reliable data acquisition and processing. Mater Charact 60(9), 913–922.Google Scholar
Reick, W., Pohl, M. & Padilha, A.F. (1996). Determination of stacking fault energy of austenite in a duplex stainless steel. Steel Res 67(6), 253–256.Google Scholar
Schramm, R.E. & Reed, R.P. (1975). Stacking fault energy of seven commercial austenitic stainless steels. Metall Trans A 6A(7), 1345–1351.Google Scholar
Seetharaman, P. & Krishnan, J. (1981). Influence of the martensitic transformation on the deformation behaviour of an AISI 316 stainless steel at low temperatures. J Mater Sci 16(2), 523–530.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sieurin, H. & Sandstrom, R. (2007). Sigma phase precipitation in duplex stainless steel 2205. Mater Sci Eng A 444(1-2), 271–276.Google Scholar
Tavares, S.S.M., Da Silva, M.R., Pardal, J.M., Abreu, H.F.G. & Gomes, A.M. (2006). Microstructural changes produced by plastic deformation in the UNS S31803 duplex stainless steel. J Mater Process Tech 180, 318–322.Google Scholar
Wilson, A. & Spanos, G. (2001). Application of orientation imaging microscopy to study phase transformations in steels. Mater Charact 46(5), 407–418.Google Scholar