Hostname: page-component-77c89778f8-sh8wx Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-17T08:28:25.916Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

A note on podolsky electrodynamics

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 October 2008

P. T. Matthews
P. T. Matthews
Affiliation:
Clare CollegeCambridge
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

Three formalisms have been considered for the ‘extraordinary’ field introduced by Podolsky in his generalized electrodynamics.

The c-representation (tildons) for negative energy particles (§ 3), leads to an unstable vacuum in electron hole theory and must be discarded (§ 7).

The d-representation suggested by Podolsky is a hole theory for bosons. This leads at once to inconsistencies and it is impossible to introduce a Fock representation (§ 6).

The least unsatisfactory is the b-representation (tilde photons) used by PKMG. Tilde photons can be created at high energies but decay immediately by pair creation. The introduction of tilde photons does not interfere with any agreement already established between experiment and ordinary quantum electrodynamics. Evidence might be obtained for the value of the constant a from consideration of the 2S level shift of the hydrogen atom and from the theory of showers where the deviation from the usual theory is greatest (§ 7).

However, the formalism involves the introduction of an indefinite metric for the tilde photon field and consequently ‘negative probabilities’ for states in which an odd number of tilde photons are present. Approximate results can be obtained by assuming that ‘negative probabilities’ in the theory are positive probabilities in the real world. This leads to a small but fundamental error and it does not seem possible that a theory in this form can have any deep seated validity (§ 5).

The same analysis applies to the extension of the Podolsky theory to the Proca field by Green (5). In order that the energy should be positive definite it is necessary to introduce an indefinite metric for one of the two superposed meson fields. Fundamentally the difficulties of interpretation are the same but in practice they will be more obvious because the coupling constants are greater.

Type
Research Article
Information
Mathematical Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society , Volume 45 , Issue 3 , July 1949 , pp. 441 - 451
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge Philosophical Society 1949

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

(1)Bethe, H.Phys. Rev. 72 (1947), 339.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
(2)Dirac, P. A. M.Quantum Mechanics, Chap x (Oxford, 1947).Google Scholar
(3)Dirac, P. A. M.Proc. Roy. Soc. A, 180 (1942), 1.Google Scholar
(4)Green, A. E. S.Phys. Rev. 72 (1947), 628.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
(5)Green, A. E. S.Phys. Rev. 73 (1948), 26.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
(6)Kikuchi, C.Phys. Rev. 69 (1946), 125.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
(7)Lamb, W. E. and Retherford, R. C.Phys. Rev. 72 (1947), 241.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
(8)Montgomery, D. J.Phys. Rev. 69 (1947), 117.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
(9)Pais, A.Verh. Kon. Akad. v. Wet. (1) 19 (1947), 1.Google Scholar
(10)Pauli, W.Rev. Mod. Phys. 15 (1943), 175.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
(11)Podolsky, B.Phys. Rev. 62 (1942), 68.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
(12)Podolsky, B. and Kikuchi, C.Phys. Rev. (1944), 228.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
(13)Weisskopf, W. and Wigner, E.Z. Phys. 63 (1930), 54.CrossRefGoogle Scholar