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Circinaria persepolitana (Megasporaceae), a new lichen species from historic stone surfaces in Persepolis, a UNESCO World Heritage Site in Iran

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 May 2024

Mohammad Sohrabi Open the ORCID record for Mohammad Sohrabi [Opens in a new window] ,
Alexander Paukov Open the ORCID record for Alexander Paukov [Opens in a new window] ,
Sergio Pérez-Ortega Open the ORCID record for Sergio Pérez-Ortega [Opens in a new window] ,
Hooman Nourozi ,
Hamid Fadaie ,
Sergio Enrico Favero-Longo Open the ORCID record for Sergio Enrico Favero-Longo [Opens in a new window] ,
Mohammad Hassan Talebian  and
Asunción de los Ríos
Mohammad Sohrabi*
Affiliation:
The Museum of Iranian Lichens, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST), Tehran, Iran
Alexander Paukov
Affiliation:
Institute of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg, 620000, Russian Federation
Sergio Pérez-Ortega
Affiliation:
Real Jardín Botánico, CSIC, Madrid, E-28014, Spain
Hooman Nourozi
Affiliation:
Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
Hamid Fadaie
Affiliation:
Department of Conservation and Restoration, Research Institute of Cultural Heritage and Tourism (RICHT), Tehran, Iran
Sergio Enrico Favero-Longo
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Biologia dei Sistemi, Universitá degli Studi di Torino, 10125 Turin, Italy
Mohammad Hassan Talebian
Affiliation:
College of Fine Arts, School of Architecture, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
Asunción de los Ríos
Affiliation:
Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, CSIC, Madrid, E-28006, Spain
*
Corresponding author: Mohammad Sohrabi; Email: sohrabi@irost.org
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Abstract

Persepolis, a UNESCO World Heritage Site in south-western Iran, dates back to more than 2500 years ago, and is colonized by a great diversity of lichen-forming fungi. A survey of the lichen-forming fungi revealed a species abundant in different areas of the cultural site, which turned out to be a new species of the genus Circinaria. The new species, Circinaria persepolitana, is introduced and described on the basis of morphological and molecular data. Circinaria persepolitana is characterized by having a crustose thallus, rimose to areolate, usually with bullate areoles, with an olive green to olive-brown surface and angular to elongate areoles in the marginal zone. Phylogenetic analyses including other species of the genus showed that the new species is phylogenetically close to C. mansourii, C. ochracea and C. reptans. We propose a new combination of Circinaria reptans (Looman) Sohrabi, Owe-Larsson & Paukov. The bioweathering capacity of the new species was also analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, examining the interface between the lichen thallus and the lithic substratum to assess its potential threat to the conservation of heritage surfaces. We found this species to be a potential biodeteriogenic agent, as thalli were closely attached to the lithic substratum and biogeophysical and biogeochemical changes at the rock surface could be associated with the colonization.

Keywords

biodeteriorationcultural heritagelichenslithobiontsmicrobial communitiesnew speciesPersia
Type
Standard Paper
Information
The Lichenologist , Volume 56 , Issue 2-3 , May 2024 , pp. 93 - 106
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Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The British Lichen Society

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