Hostname: page-component-84b7d79bbc-x5cpj Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-27T20:25:54.674Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Simultaneous Scaling of Offense Seriousness and Sentence Severity Through Canonical Correlation Analysis

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 July 2024

Abstract

This article describes and illustrates a new, easily applied method of scaling the severity of different types of criminal sentences and the seriousness of different types of crimes. In contrast to past approaches, this method is based on actual judicial performance, not on opinions or subjective scaling procedures. Using this approach, the effects on sentencing of variables other than type of crime can be examined.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © 1982 The Law and Society Association.

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

*

The authors gratefully acknowledge the assistance they received from others. Carl Hensler offered useful suggestions for analysis, and Herbert Kritzer provided helpful comments on a draft of the manuscript. Glen Kreider developed the program for splitting the data into two random subsamples. Ralph Perez and Bob Stevenson contributed to making the data base useful for analysis. Finally, Jeffrey Bastuscheck of the Central Regional Advisory Committee, Pennsylvania Commission on Crime and Delinquency, provided the data tape, as well as advice on its use.

References

ACKMAN, D.D., A., NORMANDEAU, and S., TURNER (1967) “The Measurement of Delinquency in Canada,” 58 Journal of Criminal Law, Criminology and Police Science 330.Google Scholar
ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICE OF THE U.S. COURTS (1965) Federal Offenders in the United States District Courts 1964. Washington: Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts.Google Scholar
BAAB, George William and William Royal, FURGESON Jr. (1967) “Texas Sentencing Practices,” 45 Texas Law Review 471.Google Scholar
BUCHNER, Deborah (1979) “Scale of Sentence Severity,” 70 Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology 182.Google Scholar
COOLEY, William W. and Paul R., LOHNES (1971) Multivariate Data Analysis. New York: Wiley.Google Scholar
FIGLIO, Robert M. (1975) “The Seriousness of Offenses: An Evaluation by Offenders and Nonoffenders,” 66 Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology 189.Google Scholar
GUILFORD, J.P. (1954) Psychometric Methods. New York: McGraw-Hill.Google Scholar
HENSLER, Carl and Brian, STIPAK (1979) “Estimating Interval Scale Values for Survey Item Response Categories,” 23 American Journal of Political Science 627.Google Scholar
KLATZKY, Sheila R. and Robert W., HODGE (1971) “A Canonical Correlation Analysis of Occupational Mobility,” 66 Journal of the American Statistical Association 16.Google Scholar
KMENTA, Jan (1971) Elements of Econometrics. New York: Macmillan.Google Scholar
LABOVITZ, Sanford (1970) “The Assignment of Numbers to Rank Order Categories,” 35 American Sociological Review 515.Google Scholar
McCLEARY, Richard, O'NEIL, Michael J., EPPERLEIN, Thomas F., JONES, Constance, and Ronald H., GRAY (1981) “Effects of Legal Education and Work Experience on Perceptions of Crime Seriousness,” 28 Social Problems 276.Google Scholar
McCONNELL, J.P. and J.D., MARTIN (1969) “Judicial Attitudes and Public Morals,” 55 Journal of the American Bar Association 1129.Google Scholar
McKEON, James J. (1965) “Canonical Analysis: Some Relations Between Canonical Correlation, Factor Analysis, Discriminant Function Analysis, and Scaling Theory.” Psychometric Monographs, No. 13. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
MORRISON, D.F. (1967) Multivariate Statistical Methods. New York: McGraw-Hill.Google Scholar
NORMANDEAU, A. (1966) “The Measurement of Delinquency in Montreal,” 57 Journal of Criminal Law, Criminology and Police Science 172.Google Scholar
SELLIN, Johan T. and Marvin W., WOLFGANG (1964) The Measurement of Delinquency. New York: Wiley.Google Scholar
TATSUOKA, M.M. (1971) Multivariate Analysis. New York: Wiley.Google Scholar
TIFFANY, Lawrence P., Yakov, AVICHAI, and Geoffrey W., PETERS (1975) “A Statistical Analysis of Sentencing in Federal Courts: Defendants Convicted After Trial, 1967-1968,” 4 Journal of Legal Studies 369.Google Scholar
UHLMAN, Thomas M. (1979) Racial Justice. Lexington, Mass.: Lexington Books.Google Scholar
WEBB, Eugene J., CAMPBELL, Donald T., SCHWARTZ, Richard D., and Lee, SECHREST (1966) Unobtrusive Measures. Chicago: Rand McNally.Google Scholar
WONNACOTT, Ronald J. and Thomas H., WONNACOTT (1970) Econometrics. New York: Wiley.Google Scholar