Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-cjp7w Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-20T04:36:27.989Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Lived Religion and Lived Citizenship in Latin America's Zones of Crisis: Introduction

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 September 2022

Jeffrey W. Rubin
Affiliation:
Boston University
David Smilde
Affiliation:
Tulane University
Benjamin Junge
Affiliation:
State University of New York, New Paltz
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

In this introduction we present the concepts of “lived religion” and “lived citizenship” as tools for understanding the ways in which religious and political meanings and practices are constituted in social movements and locations of poverty and exclusion in Latin America. We first develop the idea of “zones of crisis” as a context in which struggles for rights, recognition, and survival are enacted. We then challenge reified distinctions between the secular and the religious, emphasizing religion's embodiment and emplacement in daily life and politics. Reviewing the empirical findings of the articles in this special issue, we discuss the multiple imbrications of religion and citizenship with regard to democratic politics, geographies of conflict, and safe spaces, as well as selfhood, identity, and agency. In a postsecular world, interrogating religion, secularity, and politics together enables us better to understand the complex construction of democratic citizenship and the dynamism of Latin America's multiple modernities.

Resumen

Resumen

En esta introducción presentamos los conceptos de la religión vivida y la ciudadanía vivida como herramientas para entender las maneras en las cuales las prácticas y significados religiosos y políticos están constituidos en los movimientos sociales y en las zonas de pobreza y exclusión en América Latina. Primero desarrollamos la idea de las zonas de crisis como contextos en los cuales toman lugar las luchas por derechos, reconocimiento y sobrevivencia. Luego cuestionamos las distinciones cosificadas entre lo secular y lo religioso, enfatizando el carácter encarnado y situado de la religión en la vida diaria y política. Reseñando los hallazgos empíricos de los artículos de este número especial de LARR, discutimos las múltiples imbricaciones de la religión y la ciudadanía con respecto a los espacios seguros, la política democrática, geografías de conflicto, la identidad y la capacidad de acción. En un mundo possecular, interrogando juntos lo religioso, lo secular y lo político nos ubica para entender la compleja construcción de la ciudadanía democrática y el dinamismo de las múltiples modernidades latinoamericanas.

Type
Part 1: Social Movements and Participatory Democracy
Copyright
Copyright © 2014 by the University of Texas Press

Footnotes

The authors are grateful to Courtney Bender, José Antonio Lucero, Richard Wood, the LARR editors, and two anonymous reviewers for their comments on this introduction. Over the course of the broader project from which this special issue grew, we have benefitted from conversations with Latin Americanist colleagues John Burdick, Marisol de la Cadena, Amanda Hornhardt, David López, Marisol López, Betsy Olson, Conny Roggeband, Dylon Robbins, Rafael Sanchez, Fernando Seffner, and Pamela Voekel. We are grateful as well for critical dialogues from religious studies and social movement scholars working in other world areas, including Nancy Ammerman, Sherine Hafez, Robert Hefner, David Kyuman Kim, Paul Lichterman, Anthony Petro, and Robert Weller.

References

Alvarez, Sonia E., Baiocchi, Gianpaolo, Lao-Montes, Agustin, Rubin, Jeffrey W., and Thayer, Millie Forthcoming Beyond Civil Society: Social Movements, Civic Participation, and Democratic Contestation. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.Google Scholar
Alvarez, Sonia E., Dagnino, Evelina, and Escobar, Arturo, eds. 1998 Cultures of Politics, Politics of Cultures: Re-Visioning Latin American Social Movements. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.Google Scholar
Appadurai, Arjun 2001Deep Democracy: Urban Governmentality and the Horizon of Politics.” Environment and Urbanization 13 (2): 2343.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Arias, Enrique Desmond, and Goldstein, Daniel M., eds. 2010 Violent Democracies in Latin America. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Asad, Talal 2003 Formations of the Secular: Christianity, Islam, Modernity. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar
Bender, Courtney 2003 Heaven's Kitchen: Living Religion at God's Love We Deliver. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bender, Courtney 2011Practicing Religion.” In The Cambridge Companion to Religious Studies, edited by Orsi, Robert A., chap. 9. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Berger, Peter L., ed. 1999 The Desecularization of the World: Resurgent Religion and World Politics. Grand Rapids, MI: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing.Google Scholar
Brenneman, Robert 2012 Homies and Hermanos: God and Gangs in Central America. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Bruneau, Thomas C. 1982 The Church in Brazil: The Politics of Religion. Austin: University of Texas Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brusco, Elizabeth E. 1995 The Reformation of Machismo: Evangelical Conversion and Gender in Colombia. Austin: University of Texas Press.Google Scholar
Burdick, John 1993 Looking for God in Brazil: The Progressive Catholic Church in Urban Brazil's Religious Arena. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Burdick, John 1998 Blessed Anastácia: Women, Race, and Popular Christianity in Brazil. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Burdick, John 2012 The Color of Sound: Race, Religion, and Music in Brazil. New York: New York University Press.Google Scholar
Casanova, José 1994Evangelical Protestantism: From Civil Religion to Fundamentalist Sect to New Christian Right.” In Public Religions in the Modern World, 135166. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chatterjee, Partha 2006 The Politics of the Governed: Reflections on Popular Politics in Most of the World. New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Cleary, Edward L., and Steigenga, Timothy J., eds. 2004 Resurgent Voices in Latin America: Indigenous Peoples, Political Mobilization, and Religious Change. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press.Google Scholar
Cleary, Edward L., and Stewart-Gambino, Hannah W., eds. 1997 Power, Politics, and Pentecostals in Latin America. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.Google Scholar
Dagnino, Evelina 2003Citizenship in Latin America: An Introduction.” Latin American Perspectives 30 (2): 317.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
de la Cadena, Marisol 2010Indigenous Cosmopolitics in the Andes: Conceptual Reflections beyond ‘Politics.‘Cultural Anthropology 25 (2): 334370.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Drogus, Carol Ann 1997 Women, Religion, and Social Change in Brazil's Popular Church. Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press.Google Scholar
Durkheim, Emile (1915) 1995 The Elementary Forms of Religious Life. London: Free Press.Google Scholar
Finke, Roger, and Stark, Rodney 2005 The Churching of America, 1776-2005: Winners and Losers in Our Religious Economy. 2nd ed. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press.Google Scholar
Fischer, Brodwyn 2010 A Poverty of Rights: Citizenship and Inequality in Twentieth-Century Rio de Janeiro. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar
Freston, Paul, ed. 2008 Evangelical Christianity and Democracy in Latin America. New York: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Galeano, Eduardo 2001 El libro de los abrazos. Mexico City: Siglo XXI.Google Scholar
Hafez, Sherine 2011 An Islam of Her Own: Reconsidering Religion and Secularism in Women's Islamic Movements. New York: New York University Press.Google Scholar
Hagan, Jacqueline Maria 2008 Migration Miracle: Faith, Hope, and Meaning on the Undocumented Journey. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Hagopian, Frances, ed. 2009 Religious Pluralism, Democracy, and the Catholic Church in Latin America. Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hall, David D., ed. 1997 Lived Religion in America: Toward a History of Practice. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1997.Google Scholar
Holston, James 2008 Insurgent Citizenship: Disjunctions of Democracy and Modernity in Brazil. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Hornhardt, Amanda Menconi 2012Everyday Politics in the Periphery of Sao Paulo: Catholic Church and Housing Movement Intertwined.” Paper presented at conference, “Religion, Social Movements, and Zones of Crisis in Latin America,” Boston University, Institute on Culture, Religion and World Affairs, April 12.Google Scholar
Jelin, Elizabeth 1996Citizenship Revisited: Solidarity, Responsibility, and Rights.” In Constructing Democracy: Human Rights, Citizenship, and Society in Latin America, edited by Jelin, Elizabeth and Hershberg, Eric, 101119. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.Google Scholar
Lazar, Sian 2013 The Anthropology of Citizenship: A Reader: Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell.Google Scholar
Lernoux, Penny 1982 Cry of the People: The Struggle for Human Rights in Latin America; The Catholic Church in Conflict with U.S. Policy. New York: Penguin Books.Google Scholar
Levine, Daniel H. 1981 Religion and Politics in Latin America: The Catholic Church in Venezuela and Colombia. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Levine, Daniel H. 1992 Popular Voices in Latin American Catholicism. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Levine, Daniel H. 2012 Politics, Religion, and Society in Latin America. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner Publishers.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mainwaring, Scott, and Wilde, Alexander, eds. 1989 The Progressive Church in Latin America. Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press.Google Scholar
McAdam, Doug 2010 Political Process and the Development of Black Insurgency, 1930-1970. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
McGuire, Meredith B. 2008 Lived Religion: Faith and Practice in Everyday Life. Oxford: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meltzer, Judy, and Rojas, Cristina, eds. 2013 “Narratives and Imaginaries of Citizenship in Latin America.” Special issue, Citizenship Studies, 17 (5).Google Scholar
Meyer, Jean A. 1976 The Cristero Rebellion: The Mexican People between Church and State, 1926-1929. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nepstad, Sharon Erickson 2004 Convictions of the Soul: Religion, Culture, and Agency in the Central America Solidarity Movement. New York: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
O'Neill, Kevin Lewis 2009 City of God: Christian Citizenship in Postwar Guatemala. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Orsi, Robert A. 1996 Thank You, St. Jude: Women's Devotion to the Patron Saint of Hopeless Causes. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Orsi, Robert A. 1997Everyday Miracles: The Study of Lived Religion.” In Lived Religion in America: Toward a History of Practice, edited by Hall, David D., 321. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Osa, Maryjane 1997Creating Solidarity: The Religious Foundations of the Polish Social Movement.” East European Politics and Societies 11 (2): 339365.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Oxhorn, Philip 2011 Sustaining Civil Society: Economic Change, Democracy, and the Social Construction of Citizenship in Latin America. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press.Google Scholar
Parsons, Talcott 1951 The Social System. Glencoe, IL: Free Press.Google Scholar
Peterson, Anna L. 1997 Martyrdom and the Politics of Religion: Progressive Catholicism in El Salvador's Civil War. Albany: State University of New York Press.Google Scholar
Pine, Adrienne 2008 Working Hard, Drinking Hard: On Violence and Survival in Honduras. Berkeley: University of California Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Riesebrodt, Martin 2010 The Promise of Salvation: A Theory of Religion. Translated by Rendall, Steven. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rubin, Jeffrey W. 2004Meanings and Mobilizations: A Cultural Politics Approach to Social Movements and States.” Latin American Research Review 39 (3): 106142.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sánchez, Rafael 2008Seized by the Spirit: The Mystical Foundation of Squatting among Pentecostals in Caracas (Venezuela) Today.” Public Culture 20 (2): 267305.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Seffner, Fernando, Garcia, J., Muñoz-Laboy, M., and Parker, R. 2011 “A Time for Dogma, a Time for the Bible, a Time for Condoms: Building a Catholic Theology of Prevention in the Face of Public Health Policies at Casa Fonte Colombo in Porto Alegre, Brazil.” Global Public Health 6 (Suppl 2): S271283.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smilde, David 2007 Reason to Believe: Cultural Agency in Latin American Evangelicalism. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Smilde, David 2011Participation, Politics, and Culture: Emerging Fragments of Venezuela's Bolivarian Democracy.” In Venezuela's Bolivarian Democracy: Participation, Politics, and Culture under Chávez, 127. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.Google Scholar
Smilde, David 2012Beyond the Strong Program in the Sociology of Religion.” In Religion on the Edge: De-centering and Re-centering the Sociology of Religion, edited by Bender, Courtney. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Smilde, David, and May, Matthew 2010The Emerging Strong Program in the Sociology of Religion.” Social Science Research Council Working Paper. Athens: University of Georgia, Department of Sociology.Google Scholar
Smilde, David, and Pagan, Coraly 2011Christianity and Politics in Venezuela's Bolivarian Democracy: Catholics, Evangelicals, and Political Polarization.” In Venezuela's Bolivarian Democracy: Participation, Politics, and Culture under Chávez, edited by Smilde, David and Hellinger, Daniel, 317344. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.Google Scholar
Smith, Christian 1997 Resisting Reagan: The U.S. Central America Peace Movement. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Smith, Jonathan Z. 1988 Imagining Religion: From Babylon to Jonestown. Chicago: University of Chicago PressGoogle Scholar
Taylor, Charles 2007 A Secular Age. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Vallier, Ivan 1970 Catholicism, Social Control, and Modernization in Latin America. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.Google Scholar
Van Gunsteren, Herman 1978Notes on a Theory of Citizenship.” In Democracy, Consensus and Social Contract, edited by Birnbaum, Pierre, Lively, Jack, and Parry, Geraint, 035. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.Google Scholar
Vásquez, Manuel A. 2011 More Than Belief: A Materialist Theory of Religion. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Vásquez, Manuel A., and Marquardt, Marie Friedmann 2003 Globalizing the Sacred: Religion across the Americas. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press.Google Scholar
Voekel, Pamela 2007Liberal Religion: The Schism of 1861.” In Religious Culture in Modern Mexico, edited by Nesvig, Martin Austin, 78105. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefíeld.Google Scholar
Weber, Max (1905) 2010 The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism. Translated and updated by Kalberg, Stephan. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Wood, Elisabeth Jean 2003 Insurgent Collective Action and Civil War in El Salvador. New York: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yashar, Deborah J. 2005 Contesting Citizenship in Latin America: The Rise of Indigenous Movements and the Post-liberal Challenge. New York: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar