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Early Muslim sea-charts

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 March 2011

William C. Brice
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Extract

The maps which will be noticed here are evidently closely related to the wellknown Portolan charts of Italian and Catalan origin, of which some dozens of examples survive from the period of approximately A.D. 1300–1600.

Type
Articles
Information
Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society , Volume 109 , Issue 1 , January 1977 , pp. 53 - 61
Copyright
Copyright © The Royal Asiatic Society 1977

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References

NOTES

1 Nordenskiöld, A. E., Periplus, Stockholm, 1897Google Scholar.

2 de Nangis, Guillaume, Les chroniques de Saint Denis, apud MCAA, III, v, 1035v.Google Scholar

3 Kitāb al-tanbīh, ed. de Goeje, M. J., Leiden, 1920, 33, 11.12–13Google Scholar. Nordenskiöld refers to this remark (Periplus, 10b).

4 Joāo de Barros, Décades, I, IV, vi.

5 Descriptio imperii moslemici, ed. de Goeje, M. J. (Bibliotheca Geographorum Arabicorum, III), Leiden, 1877, 10.Google Scholar

6 Travels, ed. Yule, , London, 1871, II, 312, 424.Google Scholar

7 Kitāb al-‘ibar, Cairo, 1867, I, 10, 11.11–15.Google Scholar

8 Sammlung mittelalterlicher Welt- und Seekarten italienischen Ursprungs, Venice, 1886, ch. xi, pp. 219–245Google Scholar; Bibliotheca Ambrosiana, S.P. II, 1. The map is mentioned in Nordenskiöld, Periplus, 21b, 22b, 46b, 47a, 59a, who dates it late; in Miller, Conrad, Mappae Arabicae, Stuttgart, 1926, V, 173–175Google Scholar; and in Krachkovsky, I. Y., Ta'rīkh al-adab al-jughrāfī al-‘arabī, tr. al-Dīn, Salāḥ ‘Uthmān Hāshim, Cairo, 1963, 455.Google Scholar

9 de la Roncière, C., La dècouverte de l'Afrique, Cairo, 1925–1927, I, 37–38Google Scholar, and Pl. IV. He points to the decimal scale as a clearly Arab feature.

10 Facsimile edition by the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1929 (Reproductions of Early Manuscript Maps, I).

11 Topkapt Sarayinda Deri uzerine yayilmiş Eski Haritalar, Istanbul, Ülkü Basimeri, 1936.Google Scholar

12 Facsimile edition: Turk Tarih Araştirma: Kurumu Yayinlarindan, No. 2, Istanbul, Devlet Basimeri, 1935.Google Scholar

13 It seems likely, however, that the Turkish sea-atlas in the Royal Library in Berlin (MS Dieziana A, fol. 57) mentioned by Fischer, Sammlung, 95–6, was a copy of the Bahriye.

14 Fully referenced and described in Nordenskiöld, Periplus, 71.

15 Sammlung, 95.

16 Periplus, 68a.

17 Bolletino dei Musei Civici Veneziani, 1957, No. 3–4.

18 Mappae Arabicae, V, 176–7.

19 Periplus, 69b, Figs. 22, 23.

20 op. cit., 455–6. Cf. also Reinaud, M., Géographie d'Aboulféda, Paris, 1898, I, CLXX.Google Scholar

21 Narrative of travels in East Asia and Africa in the seventeenth century, tr. von Hammer, J., London, 1846–1958, I, 2, 131.Google Scholar

22 Tibbetts, G. R., Arab navigation in the Indian Ocean before the entry of the Portuguese, London, R.A.S., 1971.Google Scholar