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Molecular examination of kalyptorhynch diversity (Platyhelminthes: Rhabdocoela), including descriptions of five meiofaunal species from the north-eastern Pacific Ocean

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 January 2014

Rebecca J. Rundell  and
Brian S. Leander
Rebecca J. Rundell*
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Program in Integrated Microbial Diversity, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4Canada Department of Environmental and Forest Biology, State University of New York, College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, New York 13210, USA
Brian S. Leander
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Program in Integrated Microbial Diversity, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4Canada
*
Correspondence should be addressed to: R.J. Rundell, Department of Environmental and Forest Biology, State University of New York, College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, New York 13210, USA email: rundell@esf.edu
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Abstract

The spaces between sand grains are home to a myriad of microscopic marine eukaryotes, including kalyptorhynch rhabdocoels equipped with an eversible proboscis that enables them to capture microscopic prey living in these environments. The structure of the kalyptorhynch proboscis separates the two major subclades within the group: the Schizorhynchia (bifurcated proboscis) and the Eukalyptorhynchia (unbranched proboscis). A survey of meiofaunal metazoans in the Pacific north-west led to the discovery of three new schizorhynch species (Undicola tofinoensis gen. nov., sp. nov., Schizorhinos vancouverensis gen. nov., sp. nov. and Linguabana tulai gen. nov., sp. nov.) and two new eukalyptorhynch species (Thinodactylaina tlaoquiahtensis gen. nov., sp. nov. and Rostracilla nuuchahnulthensis gen. nov., sp. nov.). This survey also recovered the putative cosmopolitan eukalyptorhynch (Polycystididae) Gyratrix hermaphroditus Ehrenberg, 1831. We performed molecular phylogenetic analyses on 18S rDNA sequences from all five novel isolates and from all available kalyptorhynch species in GenBank. The molecular data supported the monophyly of the Eukalyptorhynchia and Schizorhynchia and helped demonstrate the boundaries between different species within the Kalyptorhynchia.

Keywords

biodiversityDNA barcodemeiofaunaTurbellaria18S rDNA
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom , Volume 94 , Issue 3 , May 2014 , pp. 499 - 514
Copyright
Copyright © Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 2014 

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