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Integrating parasite assemblages and host genetics for population discrimination in the black grouper (Mycteroperca bonaci) in natural protected areas of the northern Yucatan peninsula

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 April 2022

Harold Villegas-Hernández Open the ORCID record for Harold Villegas-Hernández [Opens in a new window] ,
Sergio Guillén-Hernández Open the ORCID record for Sergio Guillén-Hernández [Opens in a new window] ,
Carlos González-Salas ,
Dawrin Pech-Puch  and
Juan F. Espínola-Novelo
Harold Villegas-Hernández
Affiliation:
Departamento de Biología Marina, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Km. 15.5, carretera Mérida-Xmatkuil, A.P. 4-116 Itzimná, C.P. 97100, Mérida, Yucatán, México
Sergio Guillén-Hernández*
Affiliation:
Departamento de Biología Marina, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Km. 15.5, carretera Mérida-Xmatkuil, A.P. 4-116 Itzimná, C.P. 97100, Mérida, Yucatán, México
Carlos González-Salas
Affiliation:
Departamento de Biología Marina, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Km. 15.5, carretera Mérida-Xmatkuil, A.P. 4-116 Itzimná, C.P. 97100, Mérida, Yucatán, México
Dawrin Pech-Puch
Affiliation:
Departamento de Biología Marina, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Km. 15.5, carretera Mérida-Xmatkuil, A.P. 4-116 Itzimná, C.P. 97100, Mérida, Yucatán, México
Juan F. Espínola-Novelo
Affiliation:
Departamento de Biología Marina, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Km. 15.5, carretera Mérida-Xmatkuil, A.P. 4-116 Itzimná, C.P. 97100, Mérida, Yucatán, México
*
Author for correspondence: Sergio Guillén-Hernández, E-mail: ghernand@correo.uady.mx
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Abstract

The population structure of the black grouper (Mycteroperca bonaci) from the northern Yucatan Peninsula was evaluated with a two-fold emphasis on the spatial scales (whether island or coastal localities), as well as the effects of protection based on three natural protected areas (NPA) with different categories. To this end, specimens were collected at each NPA: Celestun (Biosphere Reserve) and Dzilam (State NPA) which are coastal and Alacranes (National Park) which is an island. Population discrimination was carried out by means of intestinal helminth parasite infracommunities and the hosts’ genetic similarities, highlighting the contradictions or coincidences between approaches. The intestinal parasitic fauna was examined in 161 specimens, of which 150 were genetically characterized using microsatellite DNA markers. Three distinct parasite communities were observed, in which taxa mainly responsible for the differences were the digeneans Prosorhynchus atlanticus, Prosorhynchus sp., Lepidapedoides epinepheli and Hamacreadium mutabile as well as the acanthocephalan Gorgorhynchus sp. The hosts’ genotypes indicated three genetically separated subunits that deviated significantly from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium, and genetic differences evidenced a structured population. Despite the expectation that island NPAs would be distinctive, the coastal locality of Dzilam was the most differentiated. The present recognition of population subunits would indicate the beneficial effects of preserving the gene pool variability of the coastal Dzilam subunit since it is, at present, the least restrictive NPA where unregulated fishing is still allowed. Thus, this study indicates fishing regulations should be strengthened (e.g. determine catch quotas or reduce fishing effort) to prevent diversity loss (whether biological or genetic) in these NPAs, particularly in Dzilam, which is probably the most threatened area.

Keywords

Black grouperDNA microsatellitesMycteroperca bonacinatural protected areasparasitespopulation discrimination
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom , Volume 101 , Issue 8 , December 2021 , pp. 1185 - 1195
Copyright
Copyright © Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom

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