Hostname: page-component-77c89778f8-m8s7h Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-22T01:40:57.287Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Faecal Lipids Released by Fish Feeding on Zooplankton

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 May 2009

F. G. Prahl ,
G. Eglinton ,
E. D. S. Corner  and
S. C. M. O'Hara
F. G. Prahl
Affiliation:
Organic Geochemistry Unit, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol BS8 1TS
G. Eglinton
Affiliation:
Organic Geochemistry Unit, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol BS8 1TS
E. D. S. Corner
Affiliation:
The Laboratory, Marine Biological Association, Citadel Hill, Plymouth PL1 2PB
S. C. M. O'Hara
Affiliation:
The Laboratory, Marine Biological Association, Citadel Hill, Plymouth PL1 2PB
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

Pelagic zooplankton and fish release faecal material which rapidly sinks through the water column and contributes various amounts and types of organic and other chemical constituents to bottom sediments. The major importance of this process in linking biological events in the water column with inputs to sediments has been well demonstrated in a number of sea areas through the use of field experiments with pumps or traps (Bishop et al. 1977; Gagosian, Volkman & Nigrelli, 1983; Honjo, 1978; Knauer, Martin & Bruland, 1979; Prahl, Bennett & Carpenter, 1980; Wakeham et al. 1980; Wakeham, Farrington & Volkman, 1983). In general, field studies have shown that the deposition of organic matter of pelagic origin occurs with considerable alterations both quantitative and qualitative (Gagosian, Nigrelli & Volkman, 1983; Prahl et al. 1980; Wakeham, 1982). Such studies, however, have not clearly defined how individual biological processes competing in the water column influence the overall composition of organic matter in vertically transported paniculate material.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom , Volume 65 , Issue 2 , May 1985 , pp. 547 - 560
Copyright
Copyright © Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 1985

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Avigan, J. & Blumer, M., 1968. On the origin of pristane in marine organisms. Journal of Lipid Research, 9, 350–352.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Barrick, R. C, Hedges, J. I. & Peterson, M. L., 1980. Hydrocarbon geochemistry of the Puget Sound region. I. Sedimentary acylic hydrocarbons. Geochimica et cosmochimica acta, 44, 1349–1362.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bates, T. S., Hamilton, S. E. & Cline, J. D., 1984. Vertical transport and sedimentation of hydrocarbons in the central main basin of Puget Sound, Washington. Environmental Science and Technology, 18, 299–305.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bauermeister, A. & Sargent, J. R., 1979. Wax esters: major metabolites in the marine environment. Trends in Biochemical Sciences, 4, 209–211.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baxter, J. H., Steinberg, D., Mize, C. E. & Avigan, J., 1967. Absorption and metabolism of uniformly14C-labelled phytol and phytanic acid by the intestine of the rat studied with thoracic duct cannulation. Biochimica et biophysica acta, 137, 277–290.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bishop, J. K. B., Edmond, J. M., Ketten, D. R., Bacon, M. P. & Silker, W. B., 1977. The chemistry, biology and vertical flux of paniculate matter from the upper 400 m of the equatorial Atlantic Ocean. Deep-Sea Research, 24, 511–548.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blumer, M., Guillard, R. R. L. & Chase, T., 1971. Hydrocarbons of marine phytoplankton. Marine Biology, 8, 183–189.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blumer, M., Mullin, M. M. & Thomas, D. W., 1964. Pristane in the marine environment. Helgolander wissenschaftliche Meersuntersuchungen, 10, 187–201.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Boon, J. J. & De Leeuw, J. W., 1979. The analysis of wax esters, very long mid-chain ketones and sterol esters isolated from Walvis Bay diatomaceous ooze. Marine Chemistry, 7, 117—132.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Corner, E. D. S., Head, R. N., Kilvington, C. C. & Pennycuick, L., 1976. On the nutrition and metabolism of zooplankton. X. Quantitative aspects of Calanus helgolandicus feeding as a carnivore. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 56, 345–358.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gagosian, R. B., Nigrelli, G. E. & Volkman, J. K., 1983. Vertical transport and transformation of biogenic organic compounds from a sediment trap experiment off the coast of Peru. In Coastal Upwelling: Its Sediment Record, part A (ed. E., Suess and J., Thiede), pp. 241–272. New York: Plenum Press. [N.A.T.O. Conference Series IV, vol. 10.]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gagosian, R. B., Volkman, J. K. & Nigrelli, G. E., 1983. The use of sediment traps to determine sterol sources in coastal sediments off Peru. In Advances in Organic Geochemistry 1981 (ed. M., Bjoroyet alz.), pp. 369–379. Chichester: John Wiley.Google Scholar
Goad, L. J., 1981. Sterol biosynthesis and metabolism in marine invertebrates. Pure and Applied Chemistry, 53, 837–852.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Honjo, S., 1978. Sedimentation of material in the Sargasso Sea at 5367 m deep station. Journal of Marine Research, 36, 469–482.Google Scholar
Knauer, G. A., Martin, J. H. & Bruland, K. W., 1979. Fluxes of paniculate carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in the upper water column of the northeast Pacific. Deep-Sea Research, 26, 97–108.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nes, W. R. & McKean, M. L., 1977. Biochemistry of Steroids and Other Isopentenoids. 690 pp. Baltimore: University Park Press.Google Scholar
Parsons, T. R., Takahashi, M. & Hargrave, B., 1977. Biological Oceanographic Processes, 2nd ed. 330 pp. Oxford: Pergamon Press.Google Scholar
Patton, J. S. & Benson, A. A., 1975. A comparative study of wax ester digestion in fish. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, 52 B, 111—116.Google ScholarPubMed
Prahl, F. G., Bennett, J. T. & Carpenter, R., 1980. The early diagenesis of aliphatic hydrocarbons and organic matter in sedimentary particulates from Dabob Bay, Washington. Geochimica et cosmochimica acta, 44, 1967–1976.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Prahl, F. G. & Carpenter, R., 1984. Hydrocarbons in Washington coastal sediments. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science, 18, 703–720.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Prahl, F. G., Eglinton, G., Corner, E. D. S., O'hara, S. C. M. & Forsberg, T. E. V., 1984. Changes in plant lipids during passages through the gut of Calanus. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 64, 317–334.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Robison, B. H. & Bailey, T. G., 1981. Sinking rates and dissolution of midwater fish fecal matter. Marine Biology, 65, 135–142.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sargent, J. R., Lee, R. F. & Nevenzel, J. C, 1976. Marine waxes. In Chemistry and Biochemistry of Natural Waxes (ed. Kolattukudy, P. E.), pp. 49–91. Amsterdam: Elsevier.Google Scholar
Sargent, J. R., Mcintosh, R., Bauermeister, A. & Blaxter, J. H. S., 1979. Assimilation of the wax esters of marine zooplankton by herring (Clupea harengus) and rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri). Marine Biology, 51, 203–207.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Staresinic, N., Farrington, J. W., Gagosian, R. D., Clifford, C. H. & Hulburt, E. M., 1983. Downward transport of paniculate matter in the Peru coastal upwelling: role of the anchoveta Engraulis ringens. In Coastal Upwelling: Its Sediment Record, part A (ed. Suess, E. and Thiede, J.), pp. 225–240. New York: Plenum Press. [N.A.T.O. Conference Series IV, vol. 10.]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tanoue, E., Handa, N. & Sakugawa, H., 1982. Difference in the chemical composition of organic matter between faecal pellets of Euphausia superba and its feed, Dunaliella tertiolecta. Transactions of the Tokyo University of Fisheries, 5, 189–196.Google Scholar
Volkman, J. K., Corner, E. D. S. & Eglinton, G., 1980. Transformations of biolipids in the marine food web and in underlying bottom sediments. In Collogues Internationeaux du C.N.R.S. no. 293 -Biogeochemie de la matiere organique a rinterface eau-sediment marine, pp. 185–197. Paris: Editions C.N.R.S.Google Scholar
Wakeham, S. G., 1982. Organic matter from a sediment trap experiment in the equatorial North Atlantic: wax esters, steryl esters, triacylglycerols and alkyldiacylglycerols. Geochimica et cosmochimica acta, 46, 2239–2258.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wakeham, S. W., Farrington, J. W., Gagosian, R. B., Lee, C, Debaar, H., Nigrelli, G., Tripp, B. W., Smith, S. O. & Frew, N. W., 1980. Organic matter fluxes from sediment traps in the equatorial Atlantic Ocean. Nature, London, 286, 798–800.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wakeham, S. G., Farrington, J. W. & Volkman, J. K., 1983. Fatty acids, wax esters, triacylglycerols and alkyldiacylglycerols associated with particles collected in sediment traps in the Peru upwelling. In Advances in Organic Geochemistry 1981 (ed. Bjoroy, M.et al.), pp. 185–197. Chichester: John Wiley.Google Scholar
Wheeler, A., 1969. The Fishes of the British Isles and Northwest Europe. 613 pp. London: Macmillan.Google Scholar