Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-2lccl Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-26T03:41:00.452Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

How the Dismal Science Got its Name: Debating Racial Quackery

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 June 2009

Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Here is a fact that seems to surprise many deeply learned scholars. The term “dismal science” was applied to British political economy as the 1840s ended because of its role bringing about the emancipation of West Indian slaves in the 1830s. This paper addresses the consequences that follow from our ignorance of the role of classical economic theory in the anti-racial slavery coalition of Biblical literalists and utilitarians.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © The History of Economics Society 2001

References

REFERENCES

Aldrich, Mark. 1979. “Progressive Economists and Scientific Racism.” In Darity, William Jr, ed., Economics and Discrimination. Brookfield, VT: Edward Elgar, 1995.Google Scholar
American Statistical Association. 2000. Ethical Guidelines for Statistical Practice. Alexandria, VA.Google Scholar
Arrow, Kenneth J. 1972. “The Theory of Discrimination.” In Ashenfelter, Orley and Rees, Albert, eds., Discrimination in Labor Markets. Princeton: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Baker, John R. Race. 1974. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Banton, Michael. 1977. The Idea of Race. London: Tavistock Publications.Google Scholar
Barzun, Jacques. 1937. Race: A Study in Modern Superstition. New York: Harcourt, Brace and Company.Google Scholar
Baumgarten, Murray. 1980. “In the Margins: Carlyle's Marking and Annotations in his Gift Copy of Mill's Principles of Political Economy.” Carlyle: Books & Margins. University of California at Santa Cruz Bibliographical Series Number 3. Santa Cruz, CA.Google Scholar
Bernal, Martin. 1987. Black Athena. New Brunswick Rutgers University Press.Google Scholar
“British and American Slavery.” 1853. Southern Quarterly Review 8 (10): 369411.Google Scholar
Buckle, Henry Thomas. 1914. The History of Civilization in England, 2nd edition. New York and London.Google Scholar
Carlyle, Thomas. 1849. “Occasional Discourse on the Negro Question.” Fraser's Magazine for Town and Country 40: 670–79.Google Scholar
Carlyle, Thomas. 1850. “Carlyle on West India Emancipation.” The Commercial Review 2 n.s. (06): 527–38.Google Scholar
Carlyle, Thomas. 1851. “Occasiona Discourse on the Negro Question.” Negro-Mania. Philadelphia, PA. Google Scholar
Carlyle, Thomas. 1850. Latter-Day Pamphlets. London.Google Scholar
Carlyle, Thomas. 1867. Shooting Niagara: And After? London.Google Scholar
Carlyle, Thomas. 1904. Edinburgh Edition: The Works of Thomas Carlyle in Thirty Volumes. New York.Google Scholar
Carlyle, Thomas. 1965. Past and Present, edited by Altick, Richard D.. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.Google Scholar
Carlyle, Thomas. 1971. The Nigger Question, edited by August, Eugene R.. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts.Google Scholar
Carlyle, Thomas. 1987. Sartor Resartus, edited by McSweeney, Kerry and Sabor, Peter. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Cherry, Robert. 1976. “Racial Thought and the Early Economics Profession.” In Darity, William Jr, ed., Economics and Discrimination. Brookfield, VT: Edward Elgar, 1995.Google Scholar
Conan Doyle, Arthur. 1930. The Complete Sherlock Holmes. Garden City, NY: Doubleday.Google Scholar
Craft, William. 1860. Running a Thousand Miles for Freedom; or, The Escape of William and Ellen Craft from Slavery. London: William Tweedie.Google Scholar
Craft, William. 1863. “Anthropology at the British Association.” Anthropological Review 1: 388–89.Google Scholar
Curtis, L. P. Jr. 1968. Anglo-Saxons and Celts. Bridgeport, CT: Conference on British Studies at the University of Bridgeport.Google Scholar
Darity, William Jr. 1995. “Introduction.” Economics and Discrimination. Brookfield, VT: Edward Elgar.Google Scholar
Denman, Lord. 1853. Uncle Tom's Cabin, Bleak House, Slavery and Slave Trade, 2nd edition. London.Google Scholar
Desmond, Adrian. 1994. Huxley: The Devil's Disciple. London: M. Joseph.Google Scholar
Dickens, Charles. 1853. “Frauds on the Fairies.” Household Words: A Weekly Journal Conducted by Charles Dickens 8: 97100.Google Scholar
Feigenbaum, Susan and Levy, David M.. 1996. “The Technological Obsolescence of Scientific Fraud.” Rationality and Society 8: 261–76.Google Scholar
Froude, James Anthony. 1885. Thomas Carlyle: A History of His Life in London 1834–1881. New York.Google Scholar
Green, William. 1976. British Slave Emancipation: The Sugar Colonies and the Great Experiment 1830–1865. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
Goldberg, Michael. 1972. “From Bentham to Carlyle: Dickens' Political Development.” Journal of the History of Ideas 33: 6176.Google Scholar
Gould, Stephen Jay. 1981. The Mismeasure of Man. New York: Norton.Google Scholar
Guppy, Henry F. J. 1864. “Notes on the Capability of the Negro for Civilisation.” Journal of the Anthropological Society 2: ccixccxvi.Google Scholar
Hall, Catherine 1992. White, Male and Middle-Class. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Haller, John S. 1971. Outcasts from Evolution: Scientific Attitudes of Racial Inferiority. Carbondale & Edwardsville, IL: Southern Illinois University Press, 1995.Google Scholar
Hannaford, Ivan. 1996. Race: The History of An Idea in the West. Washington, D.C: Woodrow Wilson Center Press.Google Scholar
Harris, Styron. 1981. Charles Kingsley: A Reference Guide. Boston: G. K. Hall.Google Scholar
Hayek, F. A. 1967. Studies in Philosophy, Politics and Economics. Chicago: University of Chicago, Press.Google Scholar
Heffer, Simon. 1995. Moral Desperado: A Life of Thomas Carlyle. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson.Google Scholar
Holt, Thomas C. The Problem of Freedom: Race, Labor, and Politics in Jamaica and Britain, 1832–1932. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1992.Google Scholar
Hunt, James. 1854. A Treatise on the Cure of Stammering. London: Longman.Google Scholar
Hunt, James. 1863. “Anthropology at the British Association.” Anthropological Review 1: 390–91.Google Scholar
Hunt, James. 1864. The Negro's Place in Nature. New York: Van Gurie, Horton and Company.Google Scholar
Hunt, James. 1866a. “Race Antagonism.” The Popular Magazine of Anthropology 1: 2426.Google Scholar
Hunt, James. 1866b. “Race in Legislation and Political Economy.” The Anthropological Review4: 113–35.Google Scholar
Hunt, James. 1867. “President's Address.” Journal of the Anthropological Society 5: xlivlxx.Google Scholar
Huxley, Leonard. 1900. Life and Letters of Thomas Henry Huxley. New York: D. Appleton and Company.Google Scholar
Jones, Iva G. 1967. “Trollope, Carlyle, and Mill on the Negro: An Episode in the History of Ideas.” Journal of Negro History 52: 185–99.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jutzi, Alan. 1971. “Intramuralia.” Huntington Library Quarterly 34 (05): 289–90.Google Scholar
Keith, Arthur. 1917. “Presidential Address. How Can the Institute Best Serve the Needs of Anthropology.” Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland 47: 1230.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kingsley, Charles. Charles Kingsley Collection. Letters to James Hunt. Huntington Library.Google Scholar
Kingsley, Charles. 1859. “The Irrationale of Speech.” Eraser's Magazine 60 (07): 114.Google Scholar
Kingsley, Charles. 1864. The Roman and the Teuton. Cambridge and London.Google Scholar
Kingsley, Charles. 1866. “Science: A Lecture Delivered at the Royal Institution.” Fraser's Magazine 74 (07): 1528.Google Scholar
Lebow, Richard Ned. 1976. White Britain and Black Ireland: The Influence of Stereotypes on Colonial Policy. Philadelphia: Institute for the Study of Human Issues.Google Scholar
Levy, David M. 1992. Economic Ideas of Ordinary People: From Preferences to Trade. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Levy, David M. 1997. “Adam Smith's Rational Choice Linguistics.” Economic Inquiry 35: 672–78.Google Scholar
Levy, David M. 1999. “Katallactic Rationality: Language, Approbation and Exchange.” American Journal of Economics and Sociology 58: 727–45.Google Scholar
Levy, David M. 2000a. “Non-normality and Exploratory Data Analysis: Problem and Solution.” Econometric Theory (16): 296–97.Google Scholar
Levy, David M. 2000b. “Economic Texts as Apocrypha”. In Forget, Evelyn and Peart, Sandra, eds., Reflections on the Canon: Essays in Honor of Samuel Hollander. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Lorimer, Douglas. 1978. Colour, Class and the Victorians. Leicester: Leicester University Press.Google Scholar
Martineau, Harriet. 1837. Society in America. London: Saunders and Otley.Google Scholar
Mill, John Stuart. 1965. The Principles of Political Economy, Vol. II of Collected Works of John Stuart Mill . edited by Robson, J. M.. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.Google Scholar
Mill, John Stuart. 1850. “The Negro Question.” Fraser's Magazine for Town and Country 41: 2531.Google Scholar
Montagu, Ashley M. F. 1942. Man's Most Dangerous Myth: The Fallacy of Race. New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Oddie, William. 1972. Dickens and Carlyle: The Question of Influence. London: Centenary Press.Google Scholar
Olivier, Sydney, Baron, Haldane Olivier. 1933. The Myth of Governor Eyre. London: L. and Virginia Woolf.Google Scholar
The Oxford English Dictionary on Compact Disc. 1992. 2nd edition. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Peart, Sandra and Levy, David M.. 2000. “Denying Homogeneity: Neo-Classical Economics & ‘the Vanity of the Philosopher.’” History of Economics Society Vancouver.Google Scholar
Persky, Joseph. 1990. “Retrospectives: A Dismal Romantic.” Journal of Economic Perspectives 4: 165–72.Google Scholar
Phelps, Edwin S. 1972. “The Statistical Theory of Racism and Sexism.” American Economic Review 62: 659–61.Google Scholar
Prasch, Thomas. 1989. “Which God for Africa?: The Islamic-Christian Missionary Debate in Late-Victorian England.” Victorian Studies 33: 5173.Google Scholar
Rainger, Ronald. 1978. “Race, Politics, and Science: The Anthropological Society of London in the 1860s.” Victorian Studies 22” (Autumn): 5170.Google Scholar
Ricardo, David. 1951. Works and Correspondence of David Ricardo, edited by Sraffa, Piero. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Robins, T. Valentine 1867. “A Few Remarks on the Bunu Tribe of Central Africa [and floor discussion].” Journal of the Anthropological Society 5: cxcxiv.Google Scholar
Schumpeter, Joseph A. 1954. A History of Economic Analysis. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Semmel, Bernard. 1963. Jamaican Blood and Victorian Conscience: The Governor Eyre Controversy. Boston: Hough ton Mifflin.Google Scholar
Senior, Nassau. 1865. Historical and Philosophical Essays. London: Longman.Google Scholar
Smith, Adam. 1776. An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations, edited by Campbell, R. H., Skinner, A. S., and Todd, W. B.. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1976.Google Scholar
Smith, Adam. 1835. An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations, edited by Wakefield, E. G.. London: Charles Knight and Company.Google Scholar
Smith, Adam. 1978. Lectures on Jurisprudence, edited by Meek, R. L., Raphael, D. D., and Stein, P. G.. Oxford: Clarendon University Press.Google Scholar
Smith, James Patterson. 1994. “The Liberals, Race, and Political Reform in the British West Indies, 1866–1874.” Journal of Negro History 79: 131–46.Google Scholar
Spencer, Frank. 1986. Ecce Homo: An Annotated Bibliographic History of Physical Anthropology. New York: Greenwood Press.Google Scholar
Stepan, Nancy. 1982. The Idea of Race in Science. Hamden, CT: Archon Books.Google Scholar
Trollope, Anthony. 1947. An Autobiography. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Vanden Bossche, Chris R. 1991. Carlyle and the Search for Authority. Columbus: Ohio State University Press.Google Scholar
Vogt, Carl. 1864. Lectures on Man: His Place in Creation, and in the History of the Earth. translated by Hunt, James. London: Longman.Google Scholar
Waller, John O. 1963. “Charles Kingsley and the American Civil War.” Studies in Philology 60 (07) 554–68.Google Scholar
Walker, Amasa. 1866. The Science of Wealth: A Manual of Political Economy. Boston: Little, Brown and Company.Google Scholar
Whately, Richard. 1831. Introductory Lectures on Political Economy. London: B. Fellowes.Google Scholar
Whately, Richard. 1832. Introductory Lectures on Political Economy, 2nd edition. London: B. Fellowes.Google Scholar
Whately, Richard. 1833. Easy Lessons on Money Matters: For the Use of Young People. London: J.W. Parker.Google Scholar
Wilson, David Alec. 1927. Carlyle at His Zenith. London: K. Paul, Trench, Trubner and Company.Google Scholar
Young, Robert J. C. 1995. Colonial Desire: Hybridity in Theory, Culture, and Race. London: Routledge.Google Scholar