Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-sjtt6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-02T17:47:08.639Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The quality factor of x-rays/gamma rays as one is realistic?

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 September 2012

Syed F. Akber
Syed F. Akber*
Affiliation:
Consulting Physicist, Lorain, Ohio, USA
*
Correspondence to: Syed F. Akber, PhD, DABR, Consulting Physicist, Lorain, Ohio, USA. E-mail: Sakber@aol.com
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The quality factor for x-rays, gamma rays and electrons assigned as one need to be revised. It is observed that as the energy decreases, mean lethal radiation dose (Do)decreases as well and become more potent. It is therefore proposed that radiation quality in biological systems should be assessed in the mitotic phase of the cell cycles. Furthermore, based on the mean lethal radiation dose within specific energy range, an appropriate quality factor of x-rays, gamma rays and electrons should be assigned.

Type
Technical Note
Information
Journal of Radiotherapy in Practice , Volume 11 , Issue 3 , September 2012 , pp. 195 - 197
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2012

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

ICRP 1990 Recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection. Publication 60, Annals of the ICRP, Vol. 21 No. 1-3, Pergamon Press, Oxford 1991.Google Scholar
Pierce, DA, Shimizu, Y, Preston, DL, Vaeth, M, Mabuchi, K.Studies of the mortality of atomic bomb survivors. Report 12, Part I. Cancer 1950-1990. Radiat Res 146, 1–27, 1996.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kliauga, P, Dvorak, R.Microdosimetric measurements of ionization by monoenergetic photons. Radiat Res 73: 1–20, 1978.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Filyuskkin, IV.Microdosimetric determination of radiation Quality Factors. Soviet Atomnaya Energiya 40: 227–233, 1976.Google Scholar
Terashima, T, Tolmach, LJ.Variations in several responses of Hela Cells to X radiation during the division cycle. Biophysical J 3: 11–33, 1963.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sapozink, ZMD.Oxygen enhancement ratios in synchronous Hela Cells exposed to low-LET radiation. Radiat Res 69: 27–39, 1977.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Xu, XG, Bednarz, B, Paganetti, H.A review of dosimetry studies on external-beam radiation treatment with respect to second cancer induction. Phys Med Biol 53: R193–R241, 2008.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Boice, JD, Land, CE, Shore, REet al. Risk of breast cancer following low dose radiation exposure. Radiology 131: 589–597, 1979.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hildreth, NG, Shore, RE, Dvoretsky, PM.The risk of breast cancer after irradiation of the thymus in infancy. N Engl J Med 19: 1281–1284, 1989.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Land, CE, Boice, JDShore, RE et al. Breast cancer risk from low dose exposures to ionizing radiation: results of parallel analysis of three exposed populations of women J Natl Cancer Inst 65: 353–376, 1980.Google ScholarPubMed
Mackenzie, I.Breast cancer following multiple fluoroscopes. Br J Cancer 19: 1–18, 1965.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miller, AB, Howe, GR, Sherman, GJ et al. Mortality from breast cancer after irradiation during fluoroscopic examinations in patients being treated for tuberculosis. N Engl J Med 19: 1285–1289, 1989.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Malone, JF, Porter, D, Hendry, JH.The RBE of Co-60 gamma rays with respect to 300 kVp X rays for survival of Hela S-3 and CHO cells, irradiated in different states of proliferation. Int J Radiat Biol 26: 355–362, 1974.Google Scholar
Frankenberg, D, Kelnhofer, K, Bar, KFranken-Schwager. Enhanced neoplastic transformation by mammography x rays relative to 200 kVp x rays: Indication for a strong dependence on photon energy of the RBE(m) for various end points. Radiat Res 157: 99–105, 2002.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chen, CZ, Watt, DE.Biophysical mechanism of radiation damage to mammalian cells by x and gamma rays. Int J Radiat Biol 49: 131–142, 1986.Google ScholarPubMed
Sanche, L.Low energy electron damage to DNA and its basic constituents. Phys Scr 68: C108–C112, 2003.CrossRefGoogle Scholar