Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-25wd4 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-26T06:14:24.763Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Analysis of Nonlinear Stress and Strain in Clay under the Undrained Condition

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 June 2011

P.-G. Hsieh  and
C.-Y. Ou
P.-G. Hsieh*
Affiliation:
Department of Assets and Property Management, Hwa Hsia Institute of Technology, New Taipei City, Taiwan 23568, R.O.C.
C.-Y. Ou
Affiliation:
Department of Construction Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan 10672, R.O.C.
*
*Professor, corresponding author
Get access

Abstract

Though the total stress undrained analysis approach in geotechnical engineering is widely utilized by practicing engineers, it has some intrinsic imperfections that cause the obtained parameters to have unavoidable empirical correlations. In this study, an undrained soft clay model is developed, which overcomes the imperfections of the conventional total stress undrained approach. In addition, the high soil stiffness at small strain and the concept of yield surface are employed to realistically simulate actual soil behavior. The model parameters can be obtainable directly from conventional laboratory tests. The model is validated through different laboratory stress path tests and strength tests in this paper.

Keywords

Undrained soft clay modelStiffness degradationHigh stiffness at small strainStrength anisotropy
Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Mechanics , Volume 27 , Issue 2 , June 2011 , pp. 201 - 213
Copyright
Copyright © The Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, R.O.C. 2011

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1. Cai, F., Ugai, K. and Hagiwara, T., “Base Stability of Circular Excavations in Soft Clay,” Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 128, pp. 702–706 (2002).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
2. Aubeny, C. P. and Shi, H., “Interpretation of Impact Penetration Measurements in Soft Clays,” Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 132, pp. 770–777 (2006).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
3. Ambily, A. P. and Gandhi, S. R., “Behavior of Stone Columns Based on Experimental and Fem Analysis,” Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 133, pp. 405–415 (2007).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
4. Chen, W., Zhou, H. and Randolph, M. F., “Effect of Installation Method on External Shaft Friction of Caissons in Soft Clay,” Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 135, pp. 605–615 (2009).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
5. Merifield, R. S., White, D. J. and Randolph, M. F., “Effect of Surface Heave on Response of Partially Embedded Pipelines on Clay,” Journal of Engineering Mechanics, ASCE, 128, pp. 819–829 (2009).Google Scholar
6. Griffiths, D. V., Huang, J. S. and Fenton, G. A., “Influence of Spatial Variability on Slope Reliability Using 2-d Random Fields,” Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 135, pp. 1367–1378 (2009).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
7. Arai, Y., Kusakabe, O., Murata, O. and Konishi, S., “A Numerical Study on Ground Displacement and Stress During and After the Installation of Deep Circular Diaphragm Walls and Soil Excavation,” Computers and Geotechnics, 35, pp. 791–807 (2008).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
8. Duncan, J. M. and Chang, C. Y., “Nonlinear Analysis of Stress and Strain in Soils,” Journal of the Soil Mechanics and Foundations Division, ASCE, 96, pp. 637–659 (1970).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
9. Jardine, R. J., Symes, M. J. and Burland, J. B., “The Measurement of Soil Stiffness in the Triaxial Apparatus,” Geotechnique, 34, pp. 323–340 (1984).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
10. Jardine, R. J., “Some Observations on the Kinematic Nature of Soil Stiffness,” Soils and Foundations, 32, pp. 111–124 (1992).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
11. Smith, P. R., Jardine, R. J. and Hight, D. W., “The Yielding of Bothkennar Clay,” Geotechnique, 42, pp. 257–274 (1992).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
12. Shibuya, S. and Mitachi, T., “Development of a Fully Digitized Triaxial Apparatus for Testing Soils and Soft Rocks,” Geotechnical Engineering, SEAGS, 28, pp. 183–207 (1997).Google Scholar
13. Ng, C. W. W., Pun, W. K. and Pang, R. P. L., “Small Strain Stiffness of Natural Granitic Saprolite in Hong Kong,” Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 126, pp. 819–833 (2000).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
14. Ng, C. W. W., Leung, E. H. Y. and Lau, C. K., “Inherent Anisotropic Stiffness of Weathered Geomaterial and its Influence on Ground Deformations Around Deep Excavations,” Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 41, pp. 12–24 (2004).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
15. Kung, T. C. and Ou, C. Y., “Stress-Strain Characteristics of Taipei Silty Clay at Small Strain,” Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers, 27, pp. 1077–1080 (2004).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
16. Jung, J. H., Cho, W. and Finno, R. J., “Defining Yield from Bender Element Measurements in Triaxial Stress Probe Experiments,” Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 133, pp. 841–849 (2007).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
17. Burland, J. B., “Ninth Laurits Bjerrum Memorial Lecture: Small is Beautiful-the Stiffness of Soils at Small Strain,” Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 26, pp. 499–516 (1989).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
18. Atkinson, J. H., “Non-Linear Soil Stiffness in Routine Design,” Geotechnique, 50, pp. 487–507 (2000).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
19. Kung, T. C., Ou, C. Y. and Juang, C. H., “Modeling Small-Strain Behavior of Taipei Clays for Finite Element Analysis of Braced Excavations,” Computers and Geotechnics, 36, pp. 304–319 (2009).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
20. Wood, D. M., Soil Behavior and Critical State Soil Mechanics, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, Mass (1990).Google Scholar
21. Kondner, R. L., “Hyperbolic Stress-Strain Response: Cohesive Soils,” Journal of the Soil Mechanics and Foundations Division, ASCE, 89, pp. 115–143 (1963).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
22. Vaid, Y. P., “Effect of Consolidation History and Stress Path on Hyperbolic Stress-Strain Relations,” Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 22, pp. 172–176 (1985).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
23. Prevost, J. H., “Undrained Shear Tests on Clay,” Journal of the Geotechnical Engineering Division, ASCE, 105, pp. 49–64 (1979).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
24. Hsieh, P. G., Ou, C. Y. and Liu, H. T., “Basal Heave Analysis of Excavations with Consideration of Anisotropic Strength of Clay,” Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 45, pp. 788–799 (2008).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
25. Schanz, T., Vermeer, P. A. and Bonnier, P. G., “The Hardening Soil Model: Formulation and Verification,” Proceedings Plaxis Symposium Beyond 2000 in Computational Geotechnics, Amsterdam, Balkema, The Netherlands, pp. 281–296 (1999).Google Scholar
26. Ladd, C. C., Foott, R., Ishihara, K., Schlosser, F. and Poulos, H. G., “Stress-Deformation and Strength Characteristics,” Proceedings 9th International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, 2, Tokyo, pp. 421–494 (1977).Google Scholar
27. Berre, T. and Bjerrum, L., “Shear Strength of Normally Consolidated Clays,” Proceedings 8th International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, 1, Moscow, pp. 39–49 (1973).Google Scholar
28. Kung, T. C., “Surface Settlement Induced by Excavation with Consideration of Small Strain Behavior of Taipei Silty Clay,” Ph.D. Dissertation, Department of Construction Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan (2003).Google Scholar