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Phenomenological analysis of densification mechanism during spark plasma sintering of MgAl2O4

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 January 2011

Guillaume Bernard-Granger ,
Nassira Benameur ,
Ahmed Addad ,
Mats Nygren ,
Christian Guizard  and
Sylvain Deville
Guillaume Bernard-Granger*
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Synthèse et Fonctionnalisation des Céramiques, UMR CNRS/Saint-Gobain 3080, Saint-Gobain C.R.E.E., 84306 Cavaillon Cedex, France
Nassira Benameur
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Synthèse et Fonctionnalisation des Céramiques, UMR CNRS/Saint-Gobain 3080, Saint-Gobain C.R.E.E., 84306 Cavaillon Cedex, France
Ahmed Addad
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Structure et Propriétés de l’Etat Solide, UMR CNRS 8008, Université des Sciences et Technologies de Lille, 59655 Villeneuve d’Ascq Cedex, France
Mats Nygren
Affiliation:
Arrhenius Laboratory, University of Stockholm, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
Sylvain Deville
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Synthèse et Fonctionnalisation des Céramiques, UMR CNRS/Saint-Gobain 3080, Saint-Gobain C.R.E.E., 84306 Cavaillon Cedex, France
*
a) Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: guillaume.bernard-granger@saint-gobain.com
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Abstract

Spark plasma sintering (SPS) of MgAl2O4 powder was investigated at temperatures between 1200 and 1300 °C. A significant grain growth was observed during densification. The densification rate always exhibits at least one strong minimum, and resumes after an incubation period. Transmission electron microscopy investigations performed on sintered samples never revealed extensive dislocation activity in the elemental grains. The densification mechanism involved during SPS was determined by anisothermal (investigation of the heating stage of a SPS run) and isothermal methods (investigation at given soak temperatures). Grain-boundary sliding, accommodated by an in-series {interface-reaction/lattice diffusion of the O2− anions} mechanism controlled by the interface-reaction step, governs densification. The zero-densification-rate period, detected for all soak temperatures, arise from the difficulty of annealing vacancies, necessary for the densification to proceed. The detection of atomic ledges at grain boundaries and the modification of the stoichiometry of spinel during SPS could be related to the difficulty to anneal vacancies at temperature soaks.

Keywords

CeramicDensificationSintering
Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 24 , Issue 6 , June 2009 , pp. 2011 - 2020
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2009

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