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Monodispersed Sc2O3 precursor particles via homogeneous precipitation: Synthesis, thermal decomposition, and the effects of supporting anions on powder properties

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 January 2011

Ji-Guang Li ,
Takayasu Ikegami ,
Toshiyuki Mori  and
Yoshiyuki Yajima
Ji-Guang Li*
Affiliation:
Advanced Materials Laboratory, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
Takayasu Ikegami
Affiliation:
Advanced Materials Laboratory, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
Toshiyuki Mori
Affiliation:
Advanced Materials Laboratory, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
Yoshiyuki Yajima
Affiliation:
Advanced Materials Laboratory, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
*
a)Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: LI.Jiguang@nims.go.jp
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Abstract

Monodispersed Sc2O3 precursor particles were synthesized by the urea-based homogeneous precipitation method, with an investigation into the effects of supporting anions (NO3−, Cl−, and SO4 2−) on powder properties. Characterizations of the powders were achieved by elemental analysis, x-ray diffractometry, Fourier transform infrared, differential thermal analysis/thermogravimetry, high-resolution scanning electron microscopy, and the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method. Unlike other rare earths, Sc3+ does not precipitate as basic carbonate but instead forms hydrated γ-ScOOH from either nitrate or chloride solution. Particles of the hydrated γ-ScOOH are pumpkin-shaped (approximately 1.0 μm) and are made up of thin-platelike crystallites emanating from a common axis. The presence of complexing SO42− changes the reaction chemistry toward Sc2O3 powders, leading to basic sulfate [Sc(OH)1.6(SO4)0.7 η H2O] precursor particles having hexagonal morphology (approximately 10 μm in diameter and 0.5 μm in thickness). The hydrated γ-ScOOH directly converts to Sc2O3 by calcination at 400 °C or above, while the basic sulfate transforms to oxide at temperatures ≥ 900 °C via an amorphous state and a Sc2(SO4)3 intermediate. The effect of SO42− on powder morphologies and reaction chemistry is discussed. Nanocrystalline Sc2O3 powders comprising monodispersed particles were obtained via thermal decomposition of the precursors.

Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 18 , Issue 5 , May 2003 , pp. 1149 - 1156
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2003

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