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A comparative study of chemical treatment by FeCl3, MgCl2, and ZnCl2 on microstructure, surface chemistry, and double-layercapacitance of carbons from waste biomass

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 January 2011

Thomas E. Rufford ,
Denisa Hulicova-Jurcakova ,
Zhonghua Zhu  and
Gao Qing Lu
Thomas E. Rufford*
Affiliation:
School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia 4072, Australia
Denisa Hulicova-Jurcakova*
Affiliation:
ARC Centre of Excellence for Functional Nanomaterials, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia 4072, Australia
Zhonghua Zhu
Affiliation:
School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia 4072, Australia
Gao Qing Lu
Affiliation:
ARC Centre of Excellence for Functional Nanomaterials, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia 4072, Australia
*
a)Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: tomrufford@yahoo.com.au
b)Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: d.jurcakova@uq.edu.au
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Abstract

The effect of chemical treatment on the capacitance of carbon electrodes prepared from waste coffee grounds was investigated. Coffee grounds were impregnated with FeCl3 and MgCl2 and then treated at 900 °C. The resultant carbons were compared with activated coffee ground carbons prepared by ZnCl2 treatment. The carbon treatment processes of FeCl3 and MgCl2 were studied using thermal gravimetric analysis. Raman spectroscopy, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and N2 and CO2 adsorption were used to characterize the activated carbons. Activation with ZnCl2 and FeCl3 produced carbons with higher surface areas (977 and 846 m2/g, respectively) than treatment with MgCl2 (123 m2/g). Electrochemical double-layer capacitances of the carbons were evaluated in 1 M H2SO4 using two-electrode cells. The system with FeCl3-treated carbon electrodes provided a specific cell capacitance of 57 F/g.

Keywords

PorosityEnergy storagePyrolysis
Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 25 , Issue 8: Materials for Electrical Energy Storage , August 2010 , pp. 1451 - 1459
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2010

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