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Regenerative medicine for end-stage fibrosis and tissue loss in the upper aerodigestive tract: a twenty-first century review

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 May 2021

F R Green ,
N M Shubber ,
F S Koumpa  and
N J I Hamilton
F R Green
Affiliation:
Department of ENT, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
N M Shubber
Affiliation:
UCL Medical School, London, UK
F S Koumpa
Affiliation:
Department of Ear, Nose and Throat, Barts Health, London, UK
N J I Hamilton*
Affiliation:
Head and Neck Academic Department, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London
*
Author for correspondence: Mr Nick I Hamilton, Head and Neck Academic Department, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College LondonWC1E 6BT E-mail: nick.hamilton@ucl.ac.uk
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Abstract

Objective

This review assesses regenerative medicine of the upper aerodigestive tract during the first two decades of the twenty-first century, focusing on end-stage fibrosis and tissue loss in the upper airways, salivary system, oropharynx and tongue.

Method

PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, Medline and clinicaltrials.org were searched from 2000 to 2019. The keywords used were: bioengineering, regenerative medicine, tissue engineering, cell therapy, regenerative surgery, upper aerodigestive tract, pharynx, oropharynx, larynx, trachea, vocal cord, tongue and salivary glands. Original studies were subcategorised by anatomical region. Original human reports were further analysed. Articles on periodontology, ear, nose and maxillofacial disorders, and cancer immunotherapy were excluded.

Results

Of 716 relevant publications, 471 were original studies. There were 18 human studies included, within which 8 reported airway replacements, 5 concerned vocal fold regeneration and 3 concerned salivary gland regeneration. Techniques included cell transplantation, injection of biofactors, bioscaffolding and bioengineered laryngeal structures.

Conclusion

Moderate experimental success was identified in the restoration of upper airway, vocal fold and salivary gland function. This review suggests that a shift in regenerative medicine research focus is required toward pathology with a higher disease burden.

Keywords

Regenerative MedicineTissue EngineeringLarynxTracheaSalivary GlandsVocal CordsBronchusStem Cells
Type
Review Article
Information
The Journal of Laryngology & Otology , Volume 135 , Issue 6 , June 2021 , pp. 473 - 485
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press

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Footnotes

Mr F R Green takes responsibility for the integrity of the content of the paper

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