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Redescription and molecular analysis of Pallisentis (Pallisentis) nandai Sarkar, 1953 (Acanthocephala: Quadrigyridae) in India

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 January 2021

O.M. Amin Open the ORCID record for O.M. Amin [Opens in a new window] ,
R.A. Heckmann ,
A. Chaudhary ,
N.Y. Rubtsova  and
H.S. Singh
O.M. Amin*
Affiliation:
Institute of Parasitic Diseases, 11445 E. Via Linda 2-419, Scottsdale, AZ85259, USA
R.A. Heckmann
Affiliation:
Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, 1114 MLBM, Provo, UT84602, USA
A. Chaudhary
Affiliation:
Molecular Taxonomy Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, UP250004, India
N.Y. Rubtsova
Affiliation:
Institute of Parasitic Diseases, 11445 E. Via Linda 2-419, Scottsdale, AZ85259, USA
H.S. Singh
Affiliation:
Molecular Taxonomy Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, UP250004, India
*
Author for correspondence: O.M. Amin, E-mail: omaramin@aol.com
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Abstract

Pallisentis (Pallisentis) nandai Sarkar, 1953 is a freshwater fish parasite restricted to the Indian subcontinent in the Ganga River and its tributaries. It was described from the leaffish, Nandus nandus (Hamilton) from the Ganga River delta at Calcutta. We recovered variant specimens from the same host species from the Ganga near its headwaters at Bijnor about 1500 km away. Our specimens were clearly identifiable as P. nandai but varied considerably from those in the original description, especially in the size of proboscis hooks, receptacle and lemnisci. The original description was incomplete (missing line drawings of female trunk and reproductive system, male trunk, complete proboscis, hooks and hook roots) and inaccurate (proboscis, hooks, receptacle wall), and some measurements were lumped together for both sexes. We provide a complete description and include new morphological information including the first description of para-receptacle structure in the genus Pallisentis Van Cleave, 1928, scanning electron microscopy and microscope images, molecular analysis, and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDXA) of hooks and spines of our specimens for the first time. Additional details of proboscis hook roots, trunk spines, micropores and micropore distribution are described. The unique metal composition of hooks (EDXA) demonstrated a considerably high but variable level of sulphur and negligible level of calcium in collar and trunk spines and hook tips, but a higher level of sulphur and calcium at the hook basal arch than at the hook tip and edge. A comparison with the EDXA pattern of another species of Pallisentis, P. İndica Mital & Lal, 1976, were considerably different. The phylogenetic position of P. nandai within Eoacanthocephala was generated to assess the molecular characterization based on 18S and ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 ribosomal DNA sequences. Maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference analyses placed P. nandai in a clade with other Pallisentis species under the family Quadrigyridae. This is the first report based on molecular evidence for P. nandai.

Keywords

AcanthocephalaPallisentis nandaiIndiaredescriptionnew featuresmolecular profile
Type
Research Paper
Information
Journal of Helminthology , Volume 95 , 2021 , e3
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press

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