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Intestinal helminth fauna of the South American sea lion Otaria flavescens and fur seal Arctocephalus australis from northern Patagonia, Argentina

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 September 2012

J.S. Hernández-Orts ,
F.E. Montero ,
A. Juan- García ,
N.A. García ,
E.A. Crespo ,
J.A. Raga  and
F.J. Aznar
J.S. Hernández-Orts*
Affiliation:
Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, Science Park, University of Valencia, C/Catedrático José Beltrán 2, E-46980Paterna, Valencia, Spain
F.E. Montero
Affiliation:
Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, Science Park, University of Valencia, C/Catedrático José Beltrán 2, E-46980Paterna, Valencia, Spain
A. Juan- García
Affiliation:
Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, Science Park, University of Valencia, C/Catedrático José Beltrán 2, E-46980Paterna, Valencia, Spain
N.A. García
Affiliation:
Marine Mammal Laboratory, National Patagonic Center, CONICET and University of Patagonia, Boulevard Brown 2915 (9120), Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina
E.A. Crespo
Affiliation:
Marine Mammal Laboratory, National Patagonic Center, CONICET and University of Patagonia, Boulevard Brown 2915 (9120), Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina
J.A. Raga
Affiliation:
Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, Science Park, University of Valencia, C/Catedrático José Beltrán 2, E-46980Paterna, Valencia, Spain
F.J. Aznar
Affiliation:
Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, Science Park, University of Valencia, C/Catedrático José Beltrán 2, E-46980Paterna, Valencia, Spain
*
* Fax: +34 963543733, E-mail: jesus.s.hernandez@uv.es
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Abstract

We report on the intestinal helminth fauna of 56 South American sea lions, Otaria flavescens, and 5 South American fur seals, Arctocephalus australis, from northern Patagonia, Argentina. A total of 97,325 helminth specimens were collected from sea lions. Gravid individuals were represented by 6 species of parasites: 1 digenean (Ascocotyle (Ascocotyle) patagoniensis), 1 cestode (Diphyllobothrium spp.), 3 nematodes (Uncinaria hamiltoni, Contracaecum ogmorhini s.s., Pseudoterranova cattani) and 1 acanthocephalan (Corynosoma australe). In addition, third-stage larvae of 2 nematodes (Contracaecum sp. and Anisakis sp. type I) and 3 juvenile acanthocephalans (Andracantha sp., Profilicollis chasmagnathi and Corynosoma cetaceum) were also collected. Andracantha sp., C. ogmorhini s.s. and P.chasmagnathi represent new host records. A total of 1516 helminth specimens were collected from fur seals. Gravid individuals were represented by three species of parasites, namely, Diphyllobothrium spp., C. ogmorhini s.s. and C. australe. In addition, larvae of Contracaecum sp. and P. cattani, juveniles of C. cetaceum and immature cestodes (Tetrabothriidae gen. sp.) were also collected. Corynosoma australe was the most prevalent and abundant parasite in both hosts, accounting for >90% of all specimens. Sea lions and furs seals from northern Patagonia harbour the intestinal helminth communities that could be predicted for otariids, i.e. the combination of species of the genera Corynosoma, Diphyllobothrium, Pseudoterranova, Contracaecum and, in pups, Uncinaria. Additionally, both species of otariid are apparently unsuitable hosts (i.e. non-hosts) for as many as five parasite taxa. The inclusion or exclusion of these species affects estimation of species richness at both component community (11 versus 6 species in sea lions; 7 versus 3 species in fur seals) and infracommunity (mean: 3.1 versus 2.6 in sea lions; 2.2 versus 1.7 species) levels. Information about the reproductive status of helminth species is often lacking in parasitological surveys on otariids and other marine vertebrates, but it is of significance to improve precision in parascript studies or ecological meta-analyses.

Type
Research Papers
Information
Journal of Helminthology , Volume 87 , Issue 3 , September 2013 , pp. 336 - 347
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2012 

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