Hostname: page-component-5c6d5d7d68-wbk2r Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-08-07T15:54:26.245Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Anguillulina dipsaci on onion seed and its control by fumigation with methyl bromide

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 November 2009

T. Goodey
T. Goodey
Affiliation:
Institute of Agricultural Parasitology, St. Albans.
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

Further investigations on the occurrence of Anguillulina dipsaci on onion seed are presented. It is shown by the examination of 2,000 seeds individually that the parasite is usually located on the seed in the region of the hilum. A given seed may have as many as 4·7 worms or only 1 worm attached to it.

A method of seed fumigation with methyl bromide is described whereby the parasites attached to seeds are killed but the seed is unharmed. By the use of a test-bottle technique it has been found that a minimum dosage of 600, i.e. a concentration-time product of 600 involving an exposure to the fumigant of 18 to 24 hours at 24°C. is necessary for the destruction of the parasites attached to the seeds and in such flower-part débris as may be mixed with it.

The fumigant has no harmful effect on the vitality of the seed at dosages sufficient to destroy the parasite nor at much higher dosages. There is thus a wide upper margin of safety in its use. Two practical methods for the fumigation of large quantities of seed are described.

The probable origin of seed-borne infection from lightly infected parent bulbs is discussed. It is shown that at the present time seedborne infection is fairly widespread and has been found to occur on at least 9 different varieties of onion seed as distributed by seed merchants. Recommendations as to control are made which it is suggested would go far to reduce the incidence of the disease in this country.

Type
Research Papers
Information
Journal of Helminthology , Volume 21 , Issue 2-3 , October 1945 , pp. 45 - 59
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1945

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Andrewes, J. S., Taylor, A. L. & Swanson, L. E., 1943.—Fumigation of soil with methyl bromide as a means of destroying infective stages and intermediate hosts of some internal parasites of mammals. Proc. helminth. Soc. Wash., 10 (1), 4–6.Google Scholar
Cobb, N. A., 1929.—Notes on methods of combating the stem nema, Tylenchus dipsaci. J. Parasit., 15 (4), p. 291.Google Scholar
English, L. L., 1943.—Fumigation of camellias and azaleas with methyl bromide. J. econ. Ent., 36 (5), 737–743.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fenwick, D. W., 1943.—A refinement of Gemmell's single cyst technique. J. Helminth, 21 (1), 33–36.Google Scholar
Fisk, F. W. & Shepard, H. H., 1938.—Laboratory studies of methyl bromide as an insect fumigant. J. econ. Ent., 31, 79–84.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Francolini, J. de, 1935.–L'emploi du bromure de méthyle pour le traitement des graines de semence. Rev. Path. veg. Ent. agr. France, 22, 3–8.Google Scholar
Gingrich, C. E. & Haensler, C. M., 1941.—The use of methyl bromide to control the root-knot nematode, Heterodera marioni. Proc. helminth. Soc. Wash., 8 (2), 50–53.Google Scholar
Godfrey, G. H. & Young, P. A., 1943.—Soil fumigation for plant disease control. Texas Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. No. 628, pp. 1–40.Google Scholar
Goodey, T., 1943.–Anguillulina dipsaci in the inflorescence of onions and in samples of onion seed. J. Helminth., 21 (1), 22–30.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hamilton, C. C., 1941.—Toxicity of methyl bromide to the common red spider and to greenhouse roses. J. econ. Ent., 34, 232–237.Google Scholar
Le Goupil, , 1932.—Les propriétés insecticides du bromure de méthyle. Rev. Path. veg. Ent. agric. France, 19, 169–172.Google Scholar
Mackie, D. B., 1938.—Methyl bromide—Its expectancy as a fumigant. J. econ. Ent., 31 (1), 70–79.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Richardson, H. H., Johnson, A. C., Bulger, J. W., Casanges, A. H. & Johnson, G. V., 1943.—Studies of methyl bromide in greenhouse and vault fumigation. U.S. Dept. Agric. Tech. Dull. No. 853.Google Scholar
Swanson, L. E. & Taylor, A. L., 1943.—Control of cattle-parasitic and free-living nematodes by soil fumigation with methyl bromide. Proc. helminth. Soc. Wash., 10 (1), 1–3.Google Scholar
Taylor, A. L. & Mcbeth, C. W., 1940.—Preliminary tests of methyl bromide as a nematocide. Proc. helminth. Soc. Wash., 7 (2), 94–96.Google Scholar
Taylor, A. L. & Mcbeth, C. W., 1941.—A practical method of using methyl bromide as a nematocide in the field. Proc. helminth. Soc. Wash., 8 (1), 26–28.Google Scholar
Wallace, E. R. & Wood, J., 1943—Stem eelworm in onion bulbs, probably seedborne in origin. J. Helminth., 21 (1), 33–36.Google Scholar