Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-5g6vh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-27T16:16:30.033Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

A theory on the spreading of impacting droplets

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 March 2019

José Manuel Gordillo Open the ORCID record for José Manuel Gordillo [Opens in a new window] ,
Guillaume Riboux Open the ORCID record for Guillaume Riboux [Opens in a new window]  and
Enrique S. Quintero
José Manuel Gordillo*
Affiliation:
Área de Mecánica de Fluidos, Departamento de Ingenería Aeroespacial y Mecánica de Fluidos, Universidad de Sevilla, Avenida de los Descubrimientos s/n 41092, Sevilla, Spain
Guillaume Riboux
Affiliation:
Área de Mecánica de Fluidos, Departamento de Ingenería Aeroespacial y Mecánica de Fluidos, Universidad de Sevilla, Avenida de los Descubrimientos s/n 41092, Sevilla, Spain
Enrique S. Quintero
Affiliation:
Área de Mecánica de Fluidos, Departamento de Ingenería Aeroespacial y Mecánica de Fluidos, Universidad de Sevilla, Avenida de los Descubrimientos s/n 41092, Sevilla, Spain
*
†Email address for correspondence: jgordill@us.es
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Here we provide a self-consistent analytical solution describing the unsteady flow in the slender thin film which is expelled radially outwards when a drop hits a dry solid wall. Thanks to the fact that the fluxes of mass and momentum entering into the toroidal rim bordering the expanding liquid sheet are calculated analytically, we show here that our theoretical results closely follow the measured time-varying position of the rim with independence of the wetting properties of the substrate. The particularization of the equations describing the rim dynamics at the instant the drop reaches its maximal extension which, in analogy with the case of Savart sheets, is characterized by a value of the local Weber number equal to one, provides an algebraic equation for the maximum spreading radius also in excellent agreement with experiments. The self-consistent theory presented here, which does not make use of energetic arguments to predict the maximum spreading diameter of impacting drops, provides us with the time evolution of the thickness and of the velocity of the rim bordering the expanding sheet. This information is crucial in the calculation of the diameters and of the velocities of the droplets ejected radially outwards for drop impact velocities above the splashing threshold.

JFM classification

Drops and Bubbles: Aerosols/atomization Drops and Bubbles: Drops
Type
JFM Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 866 , 10 May 2019 , pp. 298 - 315
Copyright
© 2019 Cambridge University Press 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Antonini, C., Amirfazli, A. & Marengo, M. 2012 Drop impact and wettability: from hydrophilic to superhydrophobic surfaces. Phys. Fluids 24 (10), 102104.Google Scholar
Batchelor, G. K. 1967 An Introduction to Fluid Dynamics. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Clanet, C., Béguin, C., Richard, D. & Quéré, D. 2004 Maximal deformation of an impacting drop. J. Fluid Mech. 517, 199–208.Google Scholar
Culick, F. E. C. 1960 Comments on a ruptured soap film. J. Appl. Phys. 31, 1128–1129.Google Scholar
Eggers, J., Fontelos, M. A., Josserand, C. & Zaleski, S. 2010 Drop dynamics after impact on a solid wall: theory and simulations. Phys. Fluids 22, 062101.Google Scholar
Gordillo, J. M., Lhuissier, H. & Villermaux, E. 2014 On the cusps bordering liquid sheets. J. Fluid Mech. 754, R1.Google Scholar
Josserand, C. & Thoroddsen, S. T. 2016 Drop impact on a solid surface. Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. 48 (1), 365–391.Google Scholar
Laan, N., de Bruin, K. G., Bartolo, D., Josserand, C. & Bonn, D. 2014 Maximum diameter of impacting liquid droplets. Phys. Rev. Appl. 2, 044018.Google Scholar
Laan, N., de Bruin, K. G., Slenter, D., Wilhelm, J., Jermy, M. & Bonn, D. 2015 Bloodstain pattern analysis: implementation of a fluid dynamic model for position determination of victims. Sci. Rep. 5, 11461.Google Scholar
Lee, J. B., Laan, N., de Bruin, K. G., Skantzaris, G., Shahidzadeh, N., Derome, D., Carmeliet, J. & Bonn, D. 2016 Universal rescaling of drop impact on smooth and rough surfaces. J. Fluid Mech. 786, R4.Google Scholar
Lejeune, S., Gilet, T. & Bourouiba, L. 2018 Edge effect: liquid sheet and droplets formed by drop impact close to an edge. Phys. Rev. Fluids 3, 083601.Google Scholar
Lv, C., Hao, P., Zhang, X. & He, F. 2016 Drop impact upon superhydrophobic surfaces with regular and hierarchical roughness. Appl. Phys. Lett. 108, 141602.Google Scholar
Quintero, E. S., Riboux, G. & Gordillo, J. M. 2019 Splashing of droplets impacting superhydrophobic substrates. J. Fluid Mech. (submitted).Google Scholar
Riboux, G. & Gordillo, J. M. 2014 Experiments of drops impacting a smooth solid surface: a model of the critical impact speed for drop splashing. Phys. Rev. Lett. 113, 024507.Google Scholar
Riboux, G. & Gordillo, J. M. 2015 The diameters and velocities of the droplets ejected after splashing. J. Fluid Mech. 772, 630–648.Google Scholar
Riboux, G. & Gordillo, J. M. 2016 Maximum drop radius and critical Weber number for splashing in the dynamical Leidenfrost regime. J. Fluid Mech. 803, 516–527.Google Scholar
Riboux, G. & Gordillo, J. M. 2017 Boundary–layer effects in droplet splashing. Phys. Rev. E 96, 013105.Google Scholar
Roisman, I. V. 2009 Inertia dominated drop collisions. II. An analytical solution of the Navier–Stokes equations for a spreading viscous film. Phys. Fluids 21, 052104.Google Scholar
Roisman, I. V., Rioboo, R. & Tropea, C. 2002 Normal impact of a liquid drop on a dry surface: model for spreading and receding. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A 458 (2022), 1411–1430.Google Scholar
Stow, C. D., Hadfield, M. G. & Ziman, J. M. 1981 An experimental investigation of fluid flow resulting from the impact of a water drop with an unyielding dry surface. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A 373 (1755), 419–441.Google Scholar
Taylor, G. I. 1959 The dynamics of thin sheets of fluid. III. Desintegration of fluid sheets. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A 253, 1274.Google Scholar
Tran, T., Staat, H. J. J., Prosperetti, A., Sun, C. & Lohse, D. 2012 Drop impact on superheated surfaces. Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 036101.Google Scholar
Tsai, P., Hendrix, M. H. W., Dijkstra, R. R. M., Shui, L. & Lohse, D. 2011 Microscopic structure influencing macroscopic splash at high Weber number. Soft Matt. 7, 11325–11333.Google Scholar
Villermaux, E. & Bossa, B. 2011 Drop fragmentation on impact. J. Fluid Mech. 668, 412–435.Google Scholar
Visser, C. W., Frommhold, P. E., Wildeman, S., Mettin, R., Lohse, D. & Sun, C. 2015 Dynamics of high-speed micro-drop impact: numerical simulations and experiments at frame-to-frame times below 100 ns. Soft Matt. 11, 1708–1722.Google Scholar
Wang, Y. & Bourouiba, L. 2017 Drop impact on small surfaces: thickness and velocity profiles of the expanding sheet in the air. J. Fluid Mech. 814, 510–534.Google Scholar
Wang, Y., Dandekar, R., Bustos, N., Poulain, S. & Bourouiba, L. 2018 Universal rim thickness in unsteady sheet fragmentation. Phys. Rev. Lett. 120, 204503.Google Scholar
Wildeman, S., Visser, C. W., Sun, C. & Lohse, D. 2016 On the spreading of impacting drops. J. Fluid Mech. 805, 636–655.Google Scholar