Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-cjp7w Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-29T13:24:19.353Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Scaling of small-scale wall turbulence

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 September 2022

S.L. Tang*
Affiliation:
Center for Turbulence Control, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
R.A. Antonia
Affiliation:
School of Engineering, University of Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia
*
Email address for correspondence: shunlin.tang88@gmail.com

Abstract

In the vicinity of walls, turbulence is anisotropic. Since the classical hypotheses of Kolmogorov (Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR, vol. 30, 1941, pp. 299–303), Obukhov (Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR Geogr. Geofiz, vol. 13, 1949, pp. 58–69) and Corrsin (J. Appl. Phys., vol. 22, 1951, pp. 469–473) require small-scale turbulence to be isotropic, they have only limited relevance to wall-bounded turbulent flows. Here, we put forward a hypothesis whereby small-scale near-wall statistics, when suitably normalized, are independent of the type of flow as well as of the Reynolds and Péclet numbers. The relatively large amount of available wall turbulence direct numerical simulations data, related mainly to second-order statistics, in a channel flow and a boundary layer provides good support for the independence with respect to the Reynolds number. To fully validate the hypothesis, more data are required for higher-order statistics as well as for other wall flows and for different surface conditions.

Type
JFM Papers
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abe, H. & Antonia, R.A. 2016 Relationship between the energy dissipation function and the skin friction law in a turbulent channel flow. J. Fluid Mech. 798, 140164.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Abe, H. & Antonia, R.A. 2017 Relationship between the heat transfer law and the scalar dissipation function in a turbulent channel flow. J. Fluid Mech. 830, 300325.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Abe, H., Antonia, R.A. & Kawamura, H. 2009 Correlation between small-scale velocity and scalar fluctuations in a turbulent channel flow. J. Fluid Mech. 627, 132.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Alcántara-Ávila, F., Hoyas, S. & Pérez-Quiles, M.J. 2021 Direct numerical simulation of thermal channel flow for ${R}e_\tau =5000$ and $Pr= 0.71$. J. Fluid Mech. 916, A29.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Antonia, R.A., Abe, H. & Kawamura, H. 2009 Analogy between velocity and scalar fields in a turbulent channel flow. J. Fluid Mech. 628, 241268.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Antonia, R.A. & Kim, J. 1994 Low-Reynolds-number effects on near-wall turbulence. J. Fluid Mech. 276, 6180.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Antonia, R.A., Kim, J. & Browne, L.W.B. 1991 Some characteristics of small-scale turbulence in a turbulent duct flow. J. Fluid Mech. 233, 369388.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bernardini, M., Pirozzoli, S. & Orlandi, P. 2014 Velocity statistics in turbulent channel flow up to $Re_\tau = 4000$. J. Fluid Mech. 742, 171191.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Borrell, G., Sillero, J.A. & Jiménez, J. 2013 A code for direct numerical simulation of turbulent boundary layers at high Reynolds numbers in BG/P supercomputers. Comput. Fluids 80, 3743.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chassaing, P., Antonia, R.A., Anselmet, F., Joly, L. & Sarkar, S. 2002 Variable Density Fluid Turbulence. Kluwer Academic Publishers.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Corrsin, S. 1951 On the spectrum of isotropic temperature fluctuations in an isotropic turbulence. J. Appl. Phys. 22, 469473.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gerolymos, G.A. & Vallet, I. 2016 The dissipation tensor $\varepsilon _{ij}$ in wall turbulence. J. Fluid Mech. 807, 386418.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hoyas, S. & Jimenez, J. 2006 Scaling of the velocity fluctuations in turbulent channels up to $Re_\tau = 2003$. Phys. Fluids 18, 011702.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hoyas, S. & Jimenez, J. 2008 Reynolds number effects on the Reynolds-stress budgets in turbulent channels. Phys. Fluids 20, 101511.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hoyas, S., Oberlack, M., Alcántara-Ávila, F., Kraheberger, S.V. & Laux, J. 2022 Wall turbulence at high friction Reynolds numbers. Phys. Rev. Fluids 7, 014602.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jiménez, J., Hoyas, S., Simens, M.P. & Mizuno, Y. 2010 Turbulent boundary layers and channels at moderate Reynolds numbers. J. Fluid Mech. 657, 335360.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kaneda, Y. & Yamamoto, Y. 2021 Velocity gradient statistics in turbulent shear flow: an extension of Kolmogorov's local equilibrium theory. J. Fluid Mech. 929, A13.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kasagi, N., Tomita, Y. & Kuroda, A. 1992 Direct numerical simulation of passive scalar field in a turbulent channel flow. Trans. ASME J. Heat Transfer 144, 598606.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kolmogorov, A.N. 1941 Local structure of turbulence in an incompressible fluid for very large Reynolds numbers. Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR 30, 299303.Google Scholar
Lee, M. & Moser, R.D. 2015 Direct numerical simulation of turbulent channel flow up to ${R}e_\tau = 5200$. J. Fluid Mech. 774, 395415.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lee, M. & Moser, R.D. 2019 Spectral analysis of the budget equation in turbulent channel flows at high Reynolds number. J. Fluid Mech. 860, 886938.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marusic, I., Mathis, R. & Hutchins, N. 2010 Predictive model for wall-bounded turbulent flow. Science 329 (5988), 193196.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nelkin, M. 1992 In what sense is turbulence an unsolved problem? Science 255 (5044), 566570.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Obukhov, A.M. 1949 Structure of the temperature field in turbulent flows. Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR Geogr. Geofiz 13, 5869.Google Scholar
Pirozzoli, S., Romero, J., Fatica, M., Verzicco, R. & Orlandi, P. 2021 One-point statistics for turbulent pipe flow up to ${R}e_\tau \approx 6000$. J. Fluid Mech. 926, A28.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pope, S.B. 2000 Turbulent Flows. Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pumir, A., Xu, H. & Siggia, E.D. 2016 Small-scale anisotropy in turbulent boundary layers. J. Fluid Mech. 804, 523.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rosenberg, B.J., Hultmark, M., Vallikivi, M., Bailey, S.C.C. & Smits, A.J. 2013 Turbulence spectra in smooth- and rough-wall pipe flow at extreme Reynolds numbers. J. Fluid Mech. 731, 4663.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Saddoughi, S.G. & Veeravalli, S.V. 1994 Local isotropy of turbulent boundary layers at high Reynolds number. J. Fluid Mech. 268, 333372.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schumacher, J, Sreenivasan, K.R. & Yeung, P.K. 2003 Derivative moments in turbulent shear flows. Phys. Fluids 15, 8490.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shen, X. & Warhaft, Z. 2000 The anisotropy of the small scale structure in high Reynolds number (${R}_\lambda \sim 1000$) turbulent shear flow. Phys. Fluids 12, 29762989.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sillero, J.A., Jiménez, J. & Moser, R.D. 2013 One-point statistics for turbulent wall-bounded flows at Reynolds numbers up to $\delta ^+\approx 2000$. Phys. Fluids 25 (10), 105102.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Simens, M.P., Jiménez, J., Hoyas, S. & Mizuno, Y. 2009 A high-resolution code for turbulent boundary layers. J. Comput. Phys. 228 (11), 42184231.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smits, A.J. & Marusic, I. 2013 Wall-bounded turbulence. Phys. Today 66 (9), 2530.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tang, S.L., Antonia, R.A., Djenidi, L., Abe, H., Zhou, T., Danaila, L. & Zhou, Y. 2015 Transport equation for the mean turbulent energy dissipation rate on the centreline of a fully developed channel flow. J. Fluid Mech. 777, 151177.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vallikivi, M., Ganapathisubramani, B. & Smits, A.J. 2015 Spectral scaling in boundary layers and pipes at very high Reynolds numbers. J. Fluid Mech. 771, 303326.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vreman, A.W. & Kuerten, J.G.M. 2014 a Comparison of direct numerical simulation databases of turbulent channel flow at ${R}e_\tau = 180$. Phys. Fluids 26, 015102.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vreman, A.W. & Kuerten, J.G.M. 2014 b Statistics of spatial derivatives of velocity and pressure in turbulent channel flow. Phys. Fluids 26, 085103.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Warhaft, Z. 2000 Passive scalars in turbulent flows. Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. 32, 203240.CrossRefGoogle Scholar