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Reynolds-number dependency in homogeneous, stationary two-dimensional turbulence

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 March 2010

ANNALISA BRACCO  and
JAMES C. MCWILLIAMS
ANNALISA BRACCO*
Affiliation:
EAS and CNS, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
JAMES C. MCWILLIAMS
Affiliation:
Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences and IGPP, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
*
†Email address for correspondence: abracco@gatech.edu
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Abstract

Turbulent solutions of the two-dimensional Navier–Stokes equations are a paradigm for the chaotic space–time patterns and equilibrium distributions of turbulent geophysical and astrophysical ‘thin’ flows on large horizontal scales. Here we investigate how homogeneous, stationary two-dimensional turbulence varies with the Reynolds number (Re) in stationary solutions with large-scale, random forcing and viscous diffusion, also including hypoviscous diffusion to limit the inverse energy cascade. This survey is made over the computationally feasible range in Re ≫ 1, approximately between 1.5 × 103 and 5.6 × 106. For increasing Re, we witness the emergence of vorticity fine structure within the filaments and vortex cores. The energy spectrum shape approaches the forward-enstrophy inertial-range form k−3 at large Re, and the velocity structure function is independent of Re. All other statistical measures investigated in this study exhibit power-law scaling with Re, including energy, enstrophy, dissipation rates and the vorticity structure function. The scaling exponents depend on the forcing properties through their influences on large-scale coherent structures, whose particular distributions are non-universal. A striking result is the Re independence of the intermittency measures of the flow, in contrast with the known behaviour for three-dimensional homogeneous turbulence of asymptotically increasing intermittency. This is a consequence of the control of the tails of the distribution functions by large-scale coherent vortices. Our analysis allows extrapolation towards the asymptotic limit of Re → ∞, fundamental to geophysical and astrophysical regimes and their large-scale simulation models where turbulent transport and dissipation must be parameterized.

Type
Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 646 , 10 March 2010 , pp. 517 - 526
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2010

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