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Reduction of turbulent skin-friction drag by passively rotating discs

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 July 2021

Paolo Olivucci Open the ORCID record for Paolo Olivucci [Opens in a new window] ,
Daniel J. Wise Open the ORCID record for Daniel J. Wise [Opens in a new window]  and
Pierre Ricco Open the ORCID record for Pierre Ricco [Opens in a new window]
Paolo Olivucci
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Sheffield, SheffieldS1 3JD, UK
Daniel J. Wise
Affiliation:
Department of Fluid Dynamics, A*Star Institute of High Performance Computing, Singapore138632, Republic of Singapore
Pierre Ricco*
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Sheffield, SheffieldS1 3JD, UK
*
†Email address for correspondence: p.ricco@sheffield.ac.uk
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Abstract

A turbulent channel flow modified by the motion of discs that are free to rotate under the action of wall turbulence is studied numerically. The Navier–Stokes equations are coupled nonlinearly with the dynamical equation of the disc motion, which synthesizes the fluid-flow boundary conditions and is driven by the torque exerted by the wall-shear stress. We consider discs that are fully exposed to the fluid and discs for which only half of the surface interfaces the fluid. The disc motion is thwarted by the fluid torque in the housing cavity and by the torque of the ball bearing that supports the disc. For the full discs, no drag reduction occurs because of the small angular velocities. The most energetic disc response occurs for disc diameters that are comparable with the spanwise spacing of the low-speed streaks. A perturbation analysis for small disc-tip velocities reveals that the two-way nonlinear coupling has an intense attenuating effect on the disc response. The reduced-order results show excellent agreement with the nonlinear results for large diameters. The half discs rotate with a finite angular velocity, leading to large reduction of the turbulence activity and of the skin-friction drag over the spinning portion of the discs, while the maximum drag reduction over the entire walls is 5.6 %. The dependence of the drag reduction on the wall-slip velocity and the spatial distribution of the wall-shear stress qualitatively match results based on the only available experimental data.

JFM classification

Flow Control: Drag reduction Turbulent Flows: Turbulence control Boundary Layers: Boundary layer control
Type
JFM Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 923 , 25 September 2021 , A8
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press

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