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Sex-specific effects of maternal and postweaning high-fat diet on skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiration

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 August 2018

A. V. Khamoui ,
M. Desai ,
M. G. Ross  and
H. B. Rossiter
A. V. Khamoui
Affiliation:
Rehabilitation Clinical Trials Center, Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Physiology and Medicine, Department of Medicine, Rehabilitation Clinical Trials Center, Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Physiology and Medicine, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA Department of Exercise Science and Health Promotion, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA
M. Desai
Affiliation:
Perinatal Research Laboratories, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
M. G. Ross
Affiliation:
Perinatal Research Laboratories, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
H. B. Rossiter*
Affiliation:
Rehabilitation Clinical Trials Center, Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Physiology and Medicine, Department of Medicine, Rehabilitation Clinical Trials Center, Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Physiology and Medicine, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
*
*Address for correspondence: H. B. Rossiter, Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Physiology and Medicine, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, 1124 W. Carson St., CDCRC Building, Torrance, CA 90502, USA.E-mail: hrossiter@ucla.edu
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Abstract

Exposure to maternal over-nutrition in utero is linked with developmental programming of obesity, metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease in offspring, which may be exacerbated by postnatal high-fat (HF) diet. Skeletal muscle mitochondrial function contributes to substrate metabolism and is impaired in metabolic disease. We examined muscle mitochondrial respiration in male and female mice exposed to maternal HF diet in utero, followed by postweaning HF diet until middle age. After in utero exposure to maternal control (Con) or HF diet (45% kcal fat; 39.4% lard, 5.5% soybean oil), offspring were weaned to Con or HF, creating four groups: Con/Con (male/female (m/f), n=8/8), Con/HF (m/f, n=7/4), HF/Con (m/f, n=9/6) and HF/HF (m/f, n=4/4). Oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and electron transfer system (ETS) capacity were measured in permeabilized gastrocnemius bundles. Maternal HF diet increased fasting glucose and lean body mass in males and body fat percentage in both sexes (P⩽0.05). Maximal adenosine diphosphate-stimulated respiration (complex I OXPHOS) was decreased by maternal HF diet in female offspring (−21%, P=0.053), but not in male (−0%, P>0.05). Sexually divergent responses were exacerbated in offspring weaned to HF diet. In females, OXPHOS capacity was lower (−28%, P=0.041) when weaned to high-fat (HF/HF) v. control diet (HF/Con). In males, OXPHOS (+33%, P=0.009) and ETS (+42%, P=0.016) capacity increased. Our data suggest that maternal lard-based HF diet, rich in saturated fat, affects offspring skeletal muscle respiration in a sex-dependent manner, and these differences are exacerbated by HF diet in adulthood.

Keywords

developmental programmingfetal programming, oxidative phosphorylationrespirometrysexual dimorphism
Type
Original Article
Information
Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease , Volume 9 , Issue 6 , December 2018 , pp. 670 - 677
Copyright
© Cambridge University Press and the International Society for Developmental Origins of Health and Disease 2018 

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